In an acute triangle ABC, the centre of the incircle is I, and ∣AC∣+∣AI∣=∣BC∣. Prove that ∠BAC=2∠ABC.
Solution
Let D be a point on BC such that ∣CD∣=∣AC∣. Because ∣BC∣=∣AC∣+∣AI∣, the point D lies on the interior of side BC, and we have ∣BD∣=∣AI∣. Because triangle ACD is isosceles, the angle bisector CI is also the perpendicular bisector of AD, hence A is the reflection of D in CI. Hence, we get ∠CDI=∠CAI=∠IAB, hence 180∘−∠BDI=∠IAB, which means that quadrilateral ABDI is cyclic. In this cyclic quadrilateral BD and AI have the same length. Therefore, AB and ID are parallel. Hence, ABDI is an isosceles trapezium, which has equal angles at the base. Hence, ∠CBA=∠DBA=∠BAI=21∠BAC, which proves the statement. □
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