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Geometry Difficulty 4.9 AIME Prove it Taiwan

In a triangle, let a,b,ca, b, c be the lengths of sides, and ha,hb,hch_a, h_b, h_c be the lengths of corresponding heights. Prove that (aha)2+(bhb)2+(chc)24(\frac{a}{h_a})^2 + (\frac{b}{h_b})^2 + (\frac{c}{h_c})^2 \ge 4.

Solution

Let the area of the triangle be denoted by AA. It is easy to see that aha=bhb=chc=2Aah_a = bh_b = ch_c = 2A. Hence the original proposition is equivalent to proving
a4+b4+c416A2.(1) a^4 + b^4 + c^4 \ge 16A^2. \quad (1)
Subtracting the right side of (1) from the left side, and using Heron's formula, we get
a4+b4+c416A2=a4+b4+c4(a+b+c)(a+bc)(ab+c)(a+b+c)=2a4+2b4+2c42a2b22a2c22b2c2=(a2b2)2+(b2c2)2+(c2a2)20. \begin{aligned} & a^4 + b^4 + c^4 - 16A^2 \\ = & a^4 + b^4 + c^4 - (a+b+c)(a+b-c)(a-b+c)(-a+b+c) \\ = & 2a^4 + 2b^4 + 2c^4 - 2a^2b^2 - 2a^2c^2 - 2b^2c^2 \\ = & (a^2 - b^2)^2 + (b^2 - c^2)^2 + (c^2 - a^2)^2 \ge 0. \end{aligned}
Thus (2) is proved, and the original proposition follows.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement translated into English from zh; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.