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Geometry Difficulty 4.5 AIME Prove it Ukraine

Is it possible to cut a regular triangle into:
a) three equal quadrilaterals;
b) three equal pentagons?
Convexity of quadrilaterals and pentagons is not required.

Solution

a) Consider a regular triangle ABC\triangle ABC, denote its midpoints by M,N,KM, N, K respectively. (fig. 04). The segments ANAN, BKBK and CMCM intersect at OO. It is easy to see that the quadrilaterals BMONBMON, CKONCKON and AMOKAMOK satisfy the condition.

b) Now let us denote the midpoints of OMOM, ONON and OKOK by PP, RR and QQ respectively. The pentagons which we are looking for are ABROPABROP, ROQCBROQCB and APOQCAPOQC.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.