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Iranian Mathematical Olympiad

Geometry Difficulty 6.5 National Olympiad Prove it Iran

Let △ABC\triangle ABC be an isosceles triangle (AB=ACAB = AC) with incenter II. Circle ω\omega passes through CC and II and is tangent to AIAI. The circle ω\omega intersects ACAC and circumcircle of △ABC\triangle ABC at QQ and DD, respectively. Let MM be the midpoint of ABAB and NN be the midpoint of CQCQ. Prove that ADAD, MNMN and BCBC are concurrent.

Solution

Let PP be the midpoint of segment BCBC and JJ be the midpoint of arc BC\text{BC} (J≠AJ \neq A).
Figure 1
We call the circumcircle of triangle △CID\triangle CID, ω\omega and the intersection point of ω\omega and segment BCBC, RR. We have
∠QIC=180∘−(∠IQC+∠ICQ)=180∘−(∠PIC+∠ICP)=90∘. \angle QIC = 180^{\circ} - (\angle IQC + \angle ICQ) = 180^{\circ} - (\angle PIC + \angle ICP) = 90^{\circ}.
So, ∠QIC=90∘\angle QIC = 90^{\circ} and NN is the center of ω\omega which gives us ∠QRC=90∘\angle QRC = 90^{\circ} and QR∥APQR \parallel AP. ∠RDC=∠RQC\angle RDC = \angle RQC gives us ∠JAC=∠JDC\angle JAC = \angle JDC. So, points D,RD, R and JJ are collinear. Since ∠RNC=2∠RQC=2∠PAC=∠A\angle RNC = 2\angle RQC = 2\angle PAC = \angle A, we have RN∥ABRN \parallel AB. Therefore
ANNC=BRRC  ⟹  ANNC⋅RCBR⋅BMMA=1. \frac{AN}{NC} = \frac{BR}{RC} \implies \frac{AN}{NC} \cdot \frac{RC}{BR} \cdot \frac{BM}{MA} = 1.
So, the lines ARAR, BNBN and CMCM are concurrent. Let XX be the intersection point of lines ADAD and BCBC. It suffices to show that (XR,CB)=−1(XR, CB) = -1. Since D,RD, R and JJ are collinear and JJ is the midpoint of arc BC\text{BC}, We have
(XR,CB)=D(AJ,CB)=−1. (XR, CB) \stackrel{D}{=} (AJ, CB) = -1.
Hence the result.

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