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Geometry Difficulty 6.0 National olympiad Prove it Romania

Let MM be the midpoint of the side [AB][AB] of the square ABCDABCD, let PP be the projection of BB on CMCM and let NN be the midpoint of the segment [CP][CP]. The bisector of the angle DANDAN meets line DPDP in QQ. Show that the quadrilateral BMQNBMQN is a parallelogram.

Adrian Bud

Figure 1

Solution

From BMCPBC\triangle BMC \sim \triangle PBC follows BMPB=BCPC\frac{BM}{PB} = \frac{BC}{PC}, hence CP=2BPCP = 2BP, so [BP]=[PN]=[NC][BP] = [PN] = [NC].

Figure 1

Then ΔNCDΔPBC\Delta NCD \equiv \Delta PBC (SAS) leads to DNC^=BPC^\widehat{DNC} = \widehat{BPC}, that is DNCPDN \perp CP, so [DN][DN] is a median and an altitude in triangle DPCDPC. Therefore triangle DPCDPC is isosceles, with [DP]=[DC][DP] = [DC].

Denote EE the common point of the straight lines CMCM and ADAD. Then AA is the midpoint of [DE][DE], hence [NA][NA] is a median in the right triangle NDENDE. This leads to [NA]=[AD][NA] = [AD], hence triangle ADNADN is isosceles. Since AQAQ is a bisector, it is also an altitude, therefore AQDNAQ \perp DN. From DNCMDN \perp CM follows AQMNAQ \parallel MN (1).

Isosceles triangles ANEANE and DPCDPC yield ANP^+DPN^=DEC^+DCE^=90\widehat{ANP}+\widehat{DPN} = \widehat{DEC}+\widehat{DCE} = 90^\circ, whence DPANDP \perp AN. Since AQDNAQ \perp DN, the point QQ is the orthocenter of the triangle ADNADN, so NQADNQ \perp AD.

This shows that NQAMNQ \parallel AM and, using (1), we get that AMNQAMNQ is a parallelogram.
So the segments [AM][AM] and [NQ][NQ] are parallel and congruent, hence [BM][BM] and [NQ][NQ] are parallel and congruent, therefore BMQNBMQN is a parallelogram.

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