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Geometry Difficulty 7.7 National Olympiad, round 2 Prove it Ukraine

Let ABC\triangle ABC be an acute and non-isosceles triangle. Its angle bisectors AL1AL_1 and BL2BL_2 intersect at the point II. Points DD and EE are chosen on the segments AL1AL_1 and BL2BL_2 in such a way that DBC=12A\angle DBC = \frac{1}{2}\angle A and EAC=12B\angle EAC = \frac{1}{2}\angle B. The lines AEAE and BDBD intersect at a point PP. Let KK be the point that is symmetric to the point II with respect to the line DEDE. Prove that the lines KPKP and DEDE intersect at a point on the circumcircle of ABC\triangle ABC.
(Danylo Khilko)

Solution

Denote BAC=α\angle BAC = \alpha, ABC=β\angle ABC = \beta, ACB=γ\angle ACB = \gamma. Let NN be the midpoint of arc ACBACB of the circumcircle of ABC\triangle ABC (Fig. 35). We are going to show that NN belongs to the line DEDE.

Figure 1

Firstly, observe that both points DD and EE lie inside ANB\triangle ANB. Indeed, since both of them are inside of ABC\triangle ABC, 12β=EAC<BAC=α\frac{1}{2}\beta = \angle EAC < \angle BAC = \alpha and 12α=DBC<ABC=β\frac{1}{2}\alpha = \angle DBC < \angle ABC = \beta.

Also NAB=NBA=9012ACB=9012γ=12(α+β)\angle NAB = \angle NBA = 90^\circ - \frac{1}{2}\angle ACB = 90^\circ - \frac{1}{2}\gamma = \frac{1}{2}(\alpha + \beta),
EBA=12β<12(α+β)=NBA and EAB=α12β<12(α+β)=NAB, \angle EBA = \frac{1}{2}\beta < \frac{1}{2}(\alpha + \beta) = \angle NBA \text{ and } \angle EAB = \alpha - \frac{1}{2}\beta < \frac{1}{2}(\alpha + \beta) = \angle NAB,
because 12α<β\frac{1}{2}\alpha < \beta. So EE lies inside ANB\triangle ANB, similarly DD lies there. Now we have that
EAB=α12β,NAE=12(α+β)(α12β)=β12α,NBI=12α,IBA=12β. By Ceva’s Theorem from the triangle ABN and the point E \begin{aligned} \angle EAB &= \alpha - \frac{1}{2}\beta, \\ \angle NAE &= \frac{1}{2}(\alpha + \beta) - (\alpha - \frac{1}{2}\beta) = \beta - \frac{1}{2}\alpha, \\ \angle NBI &= \frac{1}{2}\alpha, \quad \angle IBA = \frac{1}{2}\beta. \text{ By Ceva's Theorem from the triangle } ABN \text{ and the point } E \end{aligned}
Theorem from the triangle ABNABN and the point EE
1=sinANEsinENBsinNBEsinEBAsinBAEsinEAN 1 = \frac{\sin \angle ANE}{\sin \angle ENB} \cdot \frac{\sin \angle NBE}{\sin \angle EBA} \cdot \frac{\sin \angle BAE}{\sin \angle EAN}
After substitutions we get
sinENBsinANE=sin12αsin12βsin(α12β)sin(β12α) \frac{\sin \angle ENB}{\sin \angle ANE} = \frac{\sin \frac{1}{2}\alpha}{\sin \frac{1}{2}\beta} \cdot \frac{\sin(\alpha - \frac{1}{2}\beta)}{\sin(\beta - \frac{1}{2}\alpha)}
Analogously, DAB=12α\angle DAB = \frac{1}{2}\alpha,
DAN=12β,DBA=β12α,NBD=α12β. Using Ceva’s Theorem \begin{aligned} \angle DAN &= \frac{1}{2}\beta, & \angle DBA = \beta - \frac{1}{2}\alpha, \\ \angle NBD &= \alpha - \frac{1}{2}\beta. \text{ Using Ceva's Theorem} \end{aligned}
1=sinANDsinNBDsinBADsinDNBsinDBAsinDAN or sinDNBsinAND=sin12αsin(α12β)sin12βsin(β12α)sinENBsinANE=sinDNBsinAND 1 = \frac{\sin \angle AND \cdot \sin \angle NBD \cdot \sin \angle BAD}{\sin \angle DNB \cdot \sin \angle DBA \cdot \sin \angle DAN} \text{ or } \frac{\sin \angle DNB}{\sin \angle AND} = \frac{\sin \frac{1}{2}\alpha \cdot \sin(\alpha - \frac{1}{2}\beta)}{\sin \frac{1}{2}\beta \cdot \sin(\beta - \frac{1}{2}\alpha)} \Rightarrow \\ \frac{\sin \angle ENB}{\sin \angle ANE} = \frac{\sin \angle DNB}{\sin \angle AND}
Therefore the rays NDND and NENE coincide since
BNA=ANE+ENB=AND+DNB \angle BNA = \angle ANE + \angle ENB = \angle AND + \angle DNB
Now let LL be the second intersection point of DEDE and the circumcircle of ABC\triangle ABC. We claim that KPKP passes through LL. Obviously
(AL,LN)=(AB,BN)=12(α+β). \angle (AL, LN) = \angle (AB, BN) = \frac{1}{2}(\alpha + \beta).
On the other hand,
(AP,PB)=(PA,AB)+(AB,BP)=α12β+β12α=12(α+β). \angle (AP, PB) = \angle (PA, AB) + \angle (AB, BP) = \alpha - \frac{1}{2}\beta + \beta - \frac{1}{2}\alpha = \frac{1}{2}(\alpha + \beta).
Hence (AL,LN)=(AP,PB)\angle (AL, LN) = \angle (AP, PB) and the quadrilateral APDLAPDL is inscribed. Also we have (DI,IE)=12(α+β)=(EP,PB)\angle (DI, IE) = \frac{1}{2}(\alpha + \beta) = \angle (EP, PB). By symmetry (EK,KD)=(DI,IE)\angle (EK, KD) = \angle (DI, IE) and (KD,DE)=(ED,DI)\angle (KD, DE) = \angle (ED, DI), so (EK,KD)=(EP,PD)\angle (EK, KD) = \angle (EP, PD) and PKEDPKED is inscribed.
Finally
(KP,PE)=(KD,DE)=(ED,DI)=(LD,DA)=(LP,PA). \angle (KP, PE) = \angle (KD, DE) = \angle (ED, DI) = \angle (LD, DA) = \angle (LP, PA).
We obtain (KP,PE)=(LP,PA)\angle (KP, PE) = \angle (LP, PA) and since APAP and EPEP coincide we get that the line KPKP passes through LL.

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