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Algebra Difficulty 4.5 AIME Prove it Ukraine

Find all natural numbers nn that satisfy the inequalities:
46202346n46n. -46 \le \frac{2023}{46-n} \le 46-n.

Solution

Let x=46nx = 46 - n and find the corresponding integer values of xx that satisfy the condition 462023xx-46 \le \frac{2023}{x} \le x. We consider two cases.

Case 1. x>0x > 0. The left inequality holds for all the mentioned values of xx, and the right one can be rewritten as:
2023x2x4546n45n1n=1. 2023 \le x^2 \Rightarrow x \ge 45 \Rightarrow 46 - n \ge 45 \Rightarrow n \le 1 \Rightarrow n = 1.

Case 2. x<0x < 0. The inequality can be rewritten as:
x2202346x44x44 and x44x=4446n=44n=90. x^2 \le 2023 \le -46x \Rightarrow -44 \le x \le 44 \text{ and } x \le -44 \Rightarrow x = -44 \Rightarrow 46 - n = -44 \Rightarrow n = 90.

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