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Geometry Difficulty 5.0 AIME Prove it Slovenia

Let EE be the midpoint of the side ABAB in the quadrilateral ABCDABCD and let FF be a point on the diagonal ACAC, such that the line BFBF is perpendicular to the diagonal ACAC. Find the ratio of the sides of the rectangle ABCDABCD, if the segment EFEF is perpendicular to the diagonal BDBD.

Solution

Write BAC=α\angle BAC = \alpha. Since ABFABF is a right triangle and EE is the midpoint of the hypotenuse, it is also the circumcentre of the triangle ABFABF and AE=BE=FE|AE| = |BE| = |FE|. So, AFE=EAF=α\angle AFE = \angle EAF = \alpha and EFB=π2AFE=π2α\angle EFB = \frac{\pi}{2} - \angle AFE = \frac{\pi}{2} - \alpha, which implies FBD=π2EFB=α\angle FBD = \frac{\pi}{2} - \angle EFB = \alpha. Also, ACB=π2α\angle ACB = \frac{\pi}{2} - \alpha, so CBF=α\angle CBF = \alpha and DBA=BAC=α\angle DBA = \angle BAC = \alpha. We see that π2=CBA=DBA+FBD+CBF=3α\frac{\pi}{2} = \angle CBA = \angle DBA + \angle FBD + \angle CBF = 3\alpha, which implies α=π6\alpha = \frac{\pi}{6}. The triangle ABCABC is one half of an equilateral triangle, so ABBC=3\frac{|AB|}{|BC|} = \sqrt{3}.

Figure 1

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