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Geometry Difficulty 6.9 National olympiad Prove it Ukraine

Points BB and CC are chosen on the circle with diameter ADAD in such a way that AB=ACAB = AC. Point PP is an arbitrary point of the segment BCBC, and points MM and NN are chosen on the segments ABAB and ACAC respectively in such a way that PMANPMAN is a parallelogram. Let PLPL be a bisector in triangle MPNMPN. Line PDPD intersects MNMN in point QQ. Prove that points BB, QQ, LL, and CC are cyclic.

(Mykhaylo Plotnikov, Danylo Khilko)

Solution

First, we are going to prove that BDP=AMN\angle BDP = \angle AMN and PDC=ANM\angle PDC = ANM. Indeed, MPACMP \parallel AC, NPABNP \parallel AB, because PMANPMAN is a parallelogram (fig. 38). Then MPB=ABC=ACB=NPC\angle MPB = \angle ABC = \angle ACB = \angle NPC, meaning that BMPPNC\triangle BMP \sim \triangle PNC. We also note that BCBC is a bisector of interior angle MPN\triangle MPN. Then BPPC=MPNC\frac{BP}{PC} = \frac{MP}{NC}. Using MP=ANMP = AN one gets NC=NP=AMPBPC=ANAMNC = NP = AM \cdot \frac{PB}{PC} = \frac{AN}{AM}.

Notice that BDC\triangle BDC is isosceles, and CBD=BCD\angle CBD = \angle BCD. By cosine law for triangles BPDBPD and CPDCPD:
BPsinBDP=PDsinCBD=PDsinBCD=PCsinPDC. \frac{BP}{\sin \angle BDP} = \frac{PD}{\sin \angle CBD} = \frac{PD}{\sin \angle BCD} = \frac{PC}{\sin \angle PDC}.
From here it follows that sinPDCsinBDP=PCBP\frac{\sin \angle PDC}{\sin \angle BDP} = \frac{PC}{BP} and sinPDCsinBDP=AMAN\frac{\sin \angle PDC}{\sin \angle BDP} = \frac{AM}{AN}. By sine law for AMN\triangle AMN
we have sinANMsinAMN=AMAN\frac{\sin \angle ANM}{\sin \angle AMN} = \frac{AM}{AN}. Finally we get sinPDCsinBDP=sinANMsinAMN\frac{\sin \angle PDC}{\sin \angle BDP} = \frac{\sin \angle ANM}{\sin \angle AMN}.

Noticing
PDC+BDP=BDC=180MAN=MNA+AMN \angle PDC + \angle BDP = \angle BDC = 180^\circ - \angle MAN = \angle MNA + \angle AMN
yields PDC=MNA\angle PDC = \angle MNA and PDB=AMN\angle PDB = \angle AMN.

Going further, QMD=AMN=QDB\angle QMD = \angle AMN = \angle QDB, hence MQBDMQBD is cyclic. Considering triangle CPDCPD and PLMPLM gives
CDP=NMP=ANM,LPM=90MPB=90ACB=PCD, \angle CDP = \angle NMP = \angle ANM, \quad \angle LPM = 90^\circ - \angle MPB = 90^\circ - \angle ACB = \angle PCD,
meaning that CPDPLM\triangle CPD \sim \triangle PLM.

Therefore CPLP=CDMP\frac{CP}{LP} = \frac{CD}{MP}. Using MP=MBMP = MB and CD=DBCD = DB, one gets CPLP=BDMB\frac{CP}{LP} = \frac{BD}{MB}.

Considering triangles LPCLPC and MBDMBD gives MBD=LPC=90\angle MBD = \angle LPC = 90^\circ, implying (together with the previous equality) LPCMBD\triangle LPC \sim \triangle MBD.

Finally,
LPC=MDB=180BQM\angle LPC = \angle MDB = 180^\circ - \angle BQM, meaning that BQL+LCB=180\angle BQL + \angle LCB = 180^\circ, i.e. that the quadrilateral BQLCBQLC is cyclic.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.