Problem:
Let be a triangle and let be the incircle of . The circle is tangent to the side at the point . Let be the point of diametrically opposite to , and let be the point of intersection of the line through and with the side .
Prove that .
Problem:
Let be a triangle and let be the incircle of . The circle is tangent to the side at the point . Let be the point of diametrically opposite to , and let be the point of intersection of the line through and with the side .
Prove that .
Solution:
With reference to the accompanying figure, let us draw the line through parallel to the side . Let and , respectively, be the intersections of with the sides and . Let us also denote by and , respectively, the points of tangency of with the sides and . Since the segments between a given external point and the respective points of contact on the tangents drawn from a point external to a circle are equal (hereafter "the tangent theorem"), we have , and . Writing , and, using the previous equalities, we get

The triangles and are similar, because they have parallel sides. Multiplying the previous equality by the ratio of similarity, we obtain , that is, . Using again the tangent theorem, we have , and . It follows that , and hence .