Let be triangle in which . Suppose the orthocentre of the triangle lies on the in-circle. Find the ratio .
Solutions — 4
Solution 1
Since the triangle is isosceles, the orthocentre lies on the perpendicular from on to . Let it cut the in-circle at . Now we are given that is the orthocentre of the triangle. Let and . Then . Observe that since is the hypotenuse and is a leg of a right-angled triangle. Let meet in and meet in . By Pythagoras theorem applied to , we get

where is the in-radius of . We want to compute in another way. Since are con-cyclic, we have
But , since are con-cyclic. Hence . But
This leads to
Thus we get
This simplifies to . Now we relate in another way using area. We know that , where is the semi-perimeter of . We have . On the other hand area can be calculated using Heron's formula:
Hence
Using this we get
Therefore , which gives or . Finally,
Solution 2
We use the known facts and , where is the circumradius of and its in-radius. Therefore
since . But , since is isosceles. Thus we obtain
However is also the diameter of the in circle. Therefore . Thus we get
This reduces to
Therefore . We also observe that . Finally
Solution 3
Let be the mid-point of . Extend to meet the circumcircle in . Then we know that . But . Thus . Therefore . We also know that . Therefore . This gives
But is similar to . So
Finally,
Solution 4
Let be the mid-point of and be the mid-point of . Since and , the mid-point theorem implies that . But . Therefore . Let meet in . Then is the point of tangency of the incircle of with . Since the incircle is also tangent to at , we have . Observe that is similar to . Hence
This gives