Let us rewrite the equation:
x4+68=4y4
x4−4y4=−68
(x2−2y2)(x2+2y2)=−68
Now, −68 factors as (−1)×68, (−2)×34, (−4)×17, (−17)×4, (−34)×2, (−68)×1 and their negatives. We consider all pairs (a,b) such that a×b=−68.
Let x2−2y2=a, x2+2y2=b, so a+b=2x2, b−a=4y2.
Thus,
x2=2a+b
y2=4b−a
We need x2 and y2 to be integers, so a+b is even and b−a is divisible by 4.
Let us check all possible pairs (a,b):
1. a=−1, b=68
- a+b=67 (odd), b−a=69 (not divisible by 4)
2. a=−2, b=34
- a+b=32 (even), b−a=36 (divisible by 4)
- x2=16, y2=9
- x=±4, y=±3
3. a=−4, b=17
- a+b=13 (odd), b−a=21 (not divisible by 4)
4. a=−17, b=4
- a+b=−13 (odd), b−a=21 (not divisible by 4)
5. a=−34, b=2
- a+b=−32 (even), b−a=36 (divisible by 4)
- x2=−16 (not a square), y2=9
6. a=−68, b=1
- a+b=−67 (odd), b−a=69 (not divisible by 4)
Now, the negatives:
7. a=1, b=−68
- a+b=−67 (odd), b−a=−69 (not divisible by 4)
8. a=2, b=−34
- a+b=−32 (even), b−a=−36 (divisible by 4)
- x2=−16 (not a square), y2=−9 (not a square)
9. a=4, b=−17
- a+b=−13 (odd), b−a=−21 (not divisible by 4)
10. a=17, b=−4
- a+b=13 (odd), b−a=−21 (not divisible by 4)
11. a=34, b=−2
- a+b=32 (even), b−a=−36 (divisible by 4)
- x2=16, y2=−9 (not a square)
12. a=68, b=−1
- a+b=67 (odd), b−a=−69 (not divisible by 4)
So, the only valid case is a=−2, b=34:
x2=16⟹x=±4
y2=9⟹y=±3
Check in the original equation:
x4+68=4y4
256+68=4×81
324=324
Thus, all integer solutions are:
(x,y)=(4,3),(4,−3),(−4,3),(−4,−3)