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Algebra Difficulty 4.8 AIME Prove it Ukraine

Given real numbers aa, bb, cc such that: abc=1000ab - c = 1000, bca=1018bc - a = 1018 and cab=2018ca - b = -2018. Show that a+b+c0a + b + c \neq 0.

Solution

By contradiction, assume that a+b+c=0a + b + c = 0. Thus,
ab+bc+ca=a+b+c=0. ab + bc + ca = a + b + c = 0.

Suppose that abc=0abc = 0, so without loss of generality let c=0c = 0. Hence ab=0ab = 0. Therefore, two variables are zeros. By the first condition on numbers in the problem, we obtain a contradiction. Therefore, abc0abc \neq 0.

Plug c=abc = -a - b in equation ab+bc+ca=0ab + bc + ca = 0. Hence
(a+b)b+(a+b)aab=0a2+ab+b2=0a2+ab+14b2+34b2=0(a+12b)2+34b2=0a=b=0. \begin{aligned} (a + b)b + (a + b)a - ab &= 0 \\ a^2 + ab + b^2 &= 0 \\ a^2 + ab + \frac{1}{4}b^2 + \frac{3}{4}b^2 &= 0 \\ (a + \frac{1}{2}b)^2 + \frac{3}{4}b^2 &= 0 \\ a = b = 0. \end{aligned}

Contradiction.

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