Let (xn), (yn) be two positive sequences defined by x1=1, y1=3 and {xn+1yn+1−xn=0xn+12+yn=2 for all positive integers n. Prove that these sequences are convergent and find their limits.
Solution
We can see that x1=1=2sin6π, y1=3=2cos6π. So we will prove, by induction, that for all positive integers n, we have xn=2sin3⋅2nπ,yn=2cos3⋅2nπ.(1) Indeed, for n=1 the statement is true. Assume that (1) is true for n. Applying the recurrent relation, we get xn+1=2−yn=2−2cos3⋅2nπ=4sin23⋅2n+1π=2sin3⋅2n+1π and yn+1=xn+1xn=2sin3⋅2n+1π2sin3⋅2nπ=2cos3⋅2n+1π. So (1) is also true for n+1. Hence, (1) is true for all positive integers n. From this we have limxn=lim(2sin3⋅2nπ)=(2sin0)=0 and limyn=lim(2cos3⋅2nπ)=(2cos0)=2. Hence, (xn), (yn) are convergence and limxn=0, limyn=2. □
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