Maths Olympiad Prep

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Geometry Difficulty 5.7 AIME, harder Prove it

Eight, E Know: PQP Q is the diameter of 0\odot 0, MNMN is tangent to 0\odot 0 at RR, PAMNPA \perp MN at AA, QBMNQB \perp MN at BB (Figure 4). Prove that the circle with center RR and radius RARA passes through point BB, and is tangent to PQPQ. (10 points)

Solution

Eight, prove as shown in the figure, connect 0R,PR0 R, P R, draw RC RQ\perp \mathrm{RQ} at C,
PA//QBO is the midpoint of PQ}AR=BR, \Rightarrow \underset{O \text { is the midpoint of } P Q}{\mathrm{PA} / / \mathrm{QB}}\} \Rightarrow \mathrm{AR}=\mathrm{BR},
ARP=RQPPQ is the diameter of O}{PRC and CRQCRQ and RQC \left.\begin{array}{l} \angle \mathrm{ARP}=\angle \mathrm{RQP} \\ \mathrm{PQ} \text { is the diameter of } \odot \mathrm{O} \end{array}\right\} \Rightarrow\left\{\begin{array}{l} \angle \mathrm{PRC} \text { and } \angle \mathrm{CRQ} \\ \angle \mathrm{CRQ} \text { and } \angle \mathrm{RQC} \end{array}\right.

are complementary }\}
PRC=RQCARP=PRC \Rightarrow \angle \mathrm{PRC}=\angle \mathrm{RQC} \Rightarrow \angle \mathrm{ARP}=\angle \mathrm{PRC}
RtRPARtRPCAR=CR=BR \Rightarrow R t \triangle R P A \cong R t \triangle R P C \Rightarrow A R=C R=B R \Rightarrow CR is the radius of the circle with center RR and RAR A as the radius, passing through point BB, and tangent to PQP Q at CC.

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.