Let be a quadrilateral whose sides and are not parallel, and let be the intersection of its diagonals. Denote with and the orthocenters of the triangles and , respectively. If and are the midpoints of the segments and , respectively, prove that the lines and are parallel if and only if .
Solution
Let and be the feet of the altitudes drawn from and respectively in the triangle , and and are the feet of the altitudes drawn from and in the triangle . Obviously, and belong to the circle of diameter , while and belong to the circle of diameter .
It is easy to see that triangles and are similar. It follows that . (Alternatively, one could notice that the quadrilateral is cyclic and obtain the previous relation by writing the power of with respect to its circumcircle.) It follows that has the same power with respect to circles and . Thus, (and similarly, ) is on the radical axis of the two circles.
The radical axis being perpendicular to the line joining the centers of the two circles, one concludes that is perpendicular to , where and are the midpoints of the sides and , respectively. ( and are the centers of circles and .)
The condition is equivalent to . As is a parallelogram, we conclude that a rhombus .