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Number theory Difficulty 6.1 National olympiad Prove it
8. Let x⩾1. Prove:
(i) ∑n⩽xφ(n)=21∑n⩽xμ(n)[nx]2+21;
(ii) ∑n≤xnφ(n)=∑n≤xnμ(n)[nx].
Solution
8. (i) Using the lower formula of (30) and formula (36); (ii) immediately deduce from φ(n)=n∑d∣nμ(d)/d.
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