Let be a fixed acute-angled triangle. Consider some points and lying on the sides and , respectively, and let be the midpoint of . Let the perpendicular bisector of intersect the line at , and let the perpendicular bisector of intersect the lines and at and , respectively. We call the pair interesting, if the quadrilateral is cyclic. Suppose that the pairs and are interesting. Prove that
(Iran)
Solution
For any interesting pair , we will say that the corresponding triangle is also interesting. Let be an interesting triangle. Firstly, we prove that , which also means that the circumcircle of the triangle is tangent to the lines and . Denote by the circle passing through the points , and . Let the line intersect the line and the circle (for the second time) at and , respectively (see Figure 1). Since and is the midpoint of is the midpoint of . Moreover, since and are symmetric to each other with respect to the line , we have . Thus the points and are symmetric to each other with respect to the perpendicular bisector of . Therefore . Let be the point symmetric to with respect to . Then lies on the line , and we may assume that it lies on the ray . One has
(if , then the angle is understood to be the angle between and the tangent to at ). This means that the points , and are concyclic. Now, since is a parallelogram, we obtain . Since , we also have . After having proved this fact, one may finish the solution by different methods. ! Figure 1 ! Figure 2
First method. We have just proved that all interesting triangles are similar to each other. This allows us to use the following lemma.
Lemma. Let be an arbitrary triangle. Choose two points and on the side , two points and on the side , and two points and on the side , in a way that the triangles and are similar. Then the six circumcircles of the triangles , , and meet at a common point . Moreover, is the centre of the spiral similarity that takes the triangle to the triangle . Proof. Firstly, notice that for each , the circumcircles of the triangles , and have a common point by Miquel's theorem. Moreover, we have . This yields that the points and correspond to each other in similar triangles and . Thus, if they coincide, then this common point is indeed the desired centre of a spiral similarity. Finally, in order to show that , one may notice that (see Figure 2). Similarly, one has and . This yields .
Now, let and be the feet of the perpendiculars from and onto and , respectively, and let be the midpoint of (see Figure 3). Then is the circumcentre of the cyclic quadrilateral . Thus we obtain and , which yields . Similarly, we show that . Thus, all interesting triangles are similar to the triangle . ! Figure 3 ! Figure 4
Denote now by the common point of the circumcircles of , and . Let $E_{