Maths Olympiad Prep

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Combinatorics Difficulty 5.0 AIME, harder Find the answer

The natural numbers from 1 to n2n^{2} are randomly distributed over the fields of an n×nn \times n square (n2n \geq 2). For each pair of numbers within a row or a column, we divide the larger number by the smaller one. The smallest of these n2(n1)n^{2}(n-1) quotients is denoted as the characteristic C of the random arrangement.
What is the largest possible value for C? (The answer must be justified.)

## 2. Selection Test

Solution

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.