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Algebra Difficulty 5.5 AIME, harder Find the answer

Five. (20 points) Given a quadratic function whose graph opens upwards and does not pass through the origin OO, with the vertex coordinates at (1,2)(1,-2), and intersects the xx-axis at points AA and BB, and the yy-axis at point CC, and satisfies the relationship OC2=OAOB\mid O C \mid^{2} = |O A| \cdot |O B|.
(1) Find the analytical expression of the quadratic function;
(2) Find the area of ABC\triangle A B C.

A number or a short expression. Fractions can be typed as 3/2, and spacing doesn't matter.

Solution

Let the analytical expression of the quadratic function be
y=a(x1)22=ax22ax+a2, y=a(x-1)^{2}-2=a x^{2}-2 a x+a-2,

and a>0,a2a>0, a \neq 2, with the graph as shown in Figure 7.

The intersections of the graph with the xx-axis and yy-axis are A(x1,0)A\left(x_{1}, 0\right), B(x2,0)B\left(x_{2}, 0\right), and C(0,a2)C(0, a-2).
(1) From OC2=OAOB|O C|^{2}=|O A| \cdot|O B|, we have
(a2)2=x1x2=a2a, \begin{array}{l} (a-2)^{2}=\left|x_{1} x_{2}\right| \\ =\left|\frac{a-2}{a}\right|, \end{array}

which simplifies to a34a2+4a=a2a^{3}-4 a^{2}+4 a=|a-2|.
When 0<a<20 < a < 2, we have a34a2+5a2=0a^{3}-4 a^{2}+5 a-2=0. Thus, (a1)(a23a+2)=0(a-1)\left(a^{2}-3 a+2\right)=0.

This gives a1=1a_{1}=1, a2=2a_{2}=2 (discard), and a3=1a_{3}=1 (discard).
When a>2a > 2, we have a34a2+3a+2=0a^{3}-4 a^{2}+3 a+2=0. Thus, (a2)(a22a1)=0(a-2)\left(a^{2}-2 a-1\right)=0.

This gives a1=2a_{1}=2 (discard), a2=1+2a_{2}=1+\sqrt{2}, and a3=12<0a_{3}=1-\sqrt{2}<0 (discard).
Therefore, a=1+2a=1+\sqrt{2},
y=(1+2)x2(2+22)x+21. y=(1+\sqrt{2}) x^{2}-(2+2 \sqrt{2}) x+\sqrt{2}-1.

Thus, the required function expression is
y=x22x1 y=x^{2}-2 x-1

or y=(1+2)x2(2+22)x+21y=(1+\sqrt{2}) x^{2}-(2+2 \sqrt{2}) x+\sqrt{2}-1.
(2) From SABC=12ABOCS_{\triangle A B C}=\frac{1}{2}|A B| \cdot|O C|, we have the following two cases:

When y=x22x1y=x^{2}-2 x-1,
AB=x1x2|A B|=\left|x_{1}-x_{2}\right|
=(x1+x2)24x1x2=22=\sqrt{\left(x_{1}+x_{2}\right)^{2}-4 x_{1} x_{2}}=2 \sqrt{2}.
Also, OC=1|O C|=1, so SABC=12×22×1=2S_{\triangle A B C}=\frac{1}{2} \times 2 \sqrt{2} \times 1=\sqrt{2}.
When y=(1+2)x2(2+22)x+21y=(1+\sqrt{2}) x^{2}-(2+2 \sqrt{2}) x+\sqrt{2}-1 (graph not shown),
AB=x1x2=(x1+x2)24x1x2=22(21). \begin{array}{l} |A B|=\left|x_{1}-x_{2}\right| \\ =\sqrt{\left(x_{1}+x_{2}\right)^{2}-4 x_{1} x_{2}}=2 \sqrt{2(\sqrt{2}-1)} . \end{array}

Also, OC=21|O C|=\sqrt{2}-1, so
SABC=12×22(21)×(21)=(21)2(21). \begin{array}{l} S_{\triangle A B C}=\frac{1}{2} \times 2 \sqrt{2(\sqrt{2}-1)} \times(\sqrt{2}-1) \\ =(\sqrt{2}-1) \sqrt{2(\sqrt{2}-1)} . \end{array}

Therefore, the area of ABC\triangle A B C is (21)2(21)(\sqrt{2}-1) \sqrt{2(\sqrt{2}-1)} or 2\sqrt{2}.

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.