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Geometry Difficulty 5.6 AIME, harder Find the answer

8.1.2 ** In acute ABC\triangle A B C, BAC=60\angle B A C=60^{\circ}, points HH, OO, and II are the orthocenter, circumcenter, and incenter of ABC\triangle A B C, respectively. If BH=OIB H=O I, find ABC\angle A B C and ACB\angle A C B.

A number or a short expression. Fractions can be typed as 3/2, and spacing doesn't matter.

Solution

By convention, let A,B,C\angle A, \angle B, \angle C represent BAC,ABC,ACB\angle BAC, \angle ABC, \angle ACB respectively. If O,H,IO, H, I have two points coinciding, it is easy to see that ABC\triangle ABC is an equilateral triangle, and clearly BHOIBH \neq OI. Therefore, O,H,IO, H, I are pairwise distinct. Using the given conditions, A=60\angle A = 60^\circ. Since ABC\triangle ABC is an acute triangle, the points H,O,IH, O, I are all inside ABC\triangle ABC. It is easy to see that BHC=BIC=BOC=120\angle BHC = \angle BIC = \angle BOC = 120^\circ.

Let the circumcircle of BOC\triangle BOC be Γ\Gamma with center OO^*. From the above, points H,IH, I are on Γ\Gamma. Using BO=COBO = CO, triangles BOO\triangle BOO^* and COO\triangle COO^* have three pairs of corresponding sides equal and are therefore congruent. Thus, BOO=COO=12BOC=60\angle BOO^* = \angle COO^* = \frac{1}{2} \angle BOC = 60^\circ. Hence, BOO\triangle BOO^* and COO\triangle COO^* are equilateral triangles. Therefore, the radius of the circumcircle Γ\Gamma of BOC\triangle BOC is the circumradius RR of ABC\triangle ABC.

It is easy to see that AH=2RcosA=RAH = 2R \cos A = R. In AHI\triangle AHI and AOI\triangle AOI, IAH=BAIBAH=12A(90B)=B60\angle IAH = |\angle BAI - \angle BAH| = | \frac{1}{2} \angle A - (90^\circ - \angle B)| = | \angle B - 60^\circ|, IAO=12AOAC=12A12(180AOC)=12A90+B=B60\angle IAO = | \frac{1}{2} \angle A - \angle OAC| = | \frac{1}{2} \angle A - \frac{1}{2}(180^\circ - \angle AOC)| = | \frac{1}{2} \angle A - 90^\circ + \angle B| = | \angle B - 60^\circ|. Therefore, IAH=IAO\angle IAH = \angle IAO. Thus, AHIAOI\triangle AHI \cong \triangle AOI. Therefore, HI=OIHI = OI. Using BH=OIBH = OI, we get BH=HIBH = HI. Since OBC\triangle OBC is an isosceles triangle, BCO=12(180BOC)=30\angle BCO = \frac{1}{2}(180^\circ - \angle BOC) = 30^\circ. On circle Γ\Gamma, arcs BH , HI , OI\text{BH , HI , OI} are equal. Thus, BCH=13BCO=10\angle BCH = \frac{1}{3} \angle BCO = 10^\circ. Therefore, B=90BCH=80\angle B = 90^\circ - \angle BCH = 80^\circ, C=180AB=40\angle C = 180^\circ - \angle A - \angle B = 40^\circ.

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.