Maths Olympiad Prep

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Geometry Difficulty 6.9 National olympiad Prove it

Points A,BA,B lies on the circle SS. Tangent lines to SS at AA and BB intersects at CC. MM -midpoint of ABAB. Circle S1S_1 goes through M,CM,C and intersects ABAB at DD and SS at KK and LL. Prove, that tangent lines to SS at KK and LL intersects at point on the segment CDCD.

Solution

1. Given Setup:
- Points A A and B B lie on the circle S S .
- Tangent lines to S S at A A and B B intersect at C C .
- M M is the midpoint of AB AB .
- Circle S1 S_1 passes through M M and C C , intersects AB AB at D D , and intersects S S at K K and L L .

2. Objective:
- Prove that the tangent lines to S S at K K and L L intersect at a point on the segment CD CD .

3. Lemma Application:
- Consider the lemma provided in the solution. The lemma states that in an acute-angled triangle ΔABC \Delta ABC with AB<AC AB < AC , circumcenter O O , and incenter I I , certain geometric properties hold. Specifically, it involves the intersection of tangents and cyclic quadrilaterals.

4. Proof Strategy:
- We need to show that the tangents at K K and L L intersect on CD CD . To do this, we will use properties of cyclic quadrilaterals and radical axes.

5. Cyclic Quadrilateral:
- Since K K and L L lie on both S S and S1 S_1 , the quadrilateral AKBL AKBL is cyclic with respect to S S , and CKDL CKDL is cyclic with respect to S1 S_1 .

6. Radical Axis Theorem:
- The radical axis of two circles is the locus of points that have equal power with respect to both circles. For circles S S and S1 S_1 , the radical axis is the line CD CD .

7. Intersection of Tangents:
- The tangents to S S at K K and L L intersect at a point P P . By the properties of the radical axis, P P must lie on the radical axis of S S and S1 S_1 , which is CD CD .

8. Conclusion:
- Therefore, the tangents to S S at K K and L L intersect at a point on the segment CD CD .

\blacksquare

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.