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Geometry Difficulty 6.9 National olympiad Find the answer

In triangle ABCABC, let PP and RR be the feet of the perpendiculars from AA onto the external and internal bisectors of ABC\angle ABC, respectively; and let QQ and SS be the feet of the perpendiculars from AA onto the internal and external bisectors of ACB\angle ACB, respectively. If PQ=7,QR=6PQ = 7, QR = 6 and RS=8RS = 8, what is the area of triangle ABCABC?

A number or a short expression. Fractions can be typed as 3/2, and spacing doesn't matter.

Solution

1. Identify the key points and their properties:
- P P and R R are the feet of the perpendiculars from A A onto the external and internal bisectors of ABC \angle ABC , respectively.
- Q Q and S S are the feet of the perpendiculars from A A onto the internal and external bisectors of ACB \angle ACB , respectively.
- Given: PQ=7 PQ = 7 , QR=6 QR = 6 , and RS=8 RS = 8 .

2. Establish collinearity and distances:
- Points P P , Q Q , R R , and S S lie on the A A -midline of ABC \triangle ABC , making them collinear.
- Since APBR APBR and AQCS AQCS are rectangles, we have:
AB=PR=PQ+QR=7+6=13 AB = PR = PQ + QR = 7 + 6 = 13
AC=QS=QR+RS=6+8=14 AC = QS = QR + RS = 6 + 8 = 14

3. **Reflect A A across Q Q and R R :**
- Let Q Q' and R R' be the reflections of A A across Q Q and R R , respectively.
- The length BC BC can be expressed as:
BC=BR+CQQR BC = BR' + CQ' - Q'R'
- Since BR=BA BR' = BA and CQ=CA CQ' = CA , we have:
BR=AB=13 BR' = AB = 13
CQ=AC=14 CQ' = AC = 14
- The distance QR Q'R' is twice the distance QR QR :
QR=2QR=26=12 Q'R' = 2 \cdot QR = 2 \cdot 6 = 12

4. **Calculate BC BC :**
- Substitute the values into the equation for BC BC :
BC=BR+CQQR=13+1412=15 BC = BR' + CQ' - Q'R' = 13 + 14 - 12 = 15

5. **Use Heron's formula to find the area of ABC \triangle ABC :**
- The semi-perimeter s s of ABC \triangle ABC is:
s=AB+AC+BC2=13+14+152=21 s = \frac{AB + AC + BC}{2} = \frac{13 + 14 + 15}{2} = 21
- Using Heron's formula:
Area=s(sAB)(sAC)(sBC)=21(2113)(2114)(2115) \text{Area} = \sqrt{s(s - AB)(s - AC)(s - BC)} = \sqrt{21(21 - 13)(21 - 14)(21 - 15)}
=21876=21336=7056=84 = \sqrt{21 \cdot 8 \cdot 7 \cdot 6} = \sqrt{21 \cdot 336} = \sqrt{7056} = 84

The final answer is 84\boxed{84}

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.