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Algebra Difficulty 6.0 National olympiad Prove it

11 Prove or disprove the proposition: If x,yx, y are real numbers and y0,y(y+1)(x+1)2y \geqslant 0, y(y+1) \leqslant(x+1)^{2}, then y(y1)x2y(y-1) \leqslant x^{2}.

Solution

11. Suppose y(y1)>x2y(y-1)>x^{2}, then by y0y \geqslant 0 we know y>1y>1. Further, we have y>12+y>\frac{1}{2}+ 14+x2\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}+x^{2}}. From the assumption y(y+1)(x+1)2y(y+1) \leqslant(x+1)^{2} and y>1y>1, we know y12+y \leqslant-\frac{1}{2}+ 14+(x+1)2\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}+(x+1)^{2}}, thus we get 12+14+x2<12+14+(x+1)2\frac{1}{2}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}+x^{2}}<-\frac{1}{2}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}+(x+1)^{2}}. From this, it is not difficult to deduce 14+x2<x\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}+x^{2}}<x, a contradiction! Therefore, the original proposition holds.

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.