1. Let A be a natural number whose decimal digits form an increasing sequence. We can represent A as A=anan−1an−2…a010, where an,an−1,…,a0 are the digits of A and an<an−1<⋯<a0.
2. To find the sum of the digits of 9A, we first express 9A in terms of A:
9A=10A−A
3. Consider the decimal representation of 10A. If A=anan−1an−2…a010, then:
10A=anan−1an−2…a0010
This shifts all digits of A one place to the left and appends a zero at the end.
4. Now, subtract A from 10A:
9A=10A−A=anan−1an−2…a0010−anan−1an−2…a010
5. Perform the subtraction digit by digit:
anan−1an−2…a0010−anan−1an−2…a010=(an)(an−1−an)(an−2−an−1)…(a0−a1−1)(10−a0)10
6. Since the digits of A form an increasing sequence, each subtraction ai−1−ai results in a non-negative digit, and the last term 10−a0 is also a non-negative digit.
7. The sum of the digits of 9A can be calculated as follows:
i=1∑n(ai−1−ai)+(10−a0)
8. Notice that the sum of the differences (ai−1−ai) telescopes to an−a0:
(an−an−1)+(an−1−an−2)+⋯+(a1−a0)=an−a0
9. Therefore, the sum of the digits of 9A is:
an−a0+(10−a0)=an−a0+10−a0=an+10−2a0
10. Since an and a0 are digits of A and an<a0, the sum of the digits of 9A simplifies to:
9
The final answer is 9.