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Algebra Difficulty 7.0 National olympiad Prove it

26. Let a,b,ca, b, c be non-negative numbers, no two of which are zero. Prove that
a(b+c)a2+2bc+b(c+a)b2+2ca+c(a+b)c2+2ab>1+ab+bc+caa2+b2+c2\frac{a(b+c)}{a^{2}+2 b c}+\frac{b(c+a)}{b^{2}+2 c a}+\frac{c(a+b)}{c^{2}+2 a b}>1+\frac{a b+b c+c a}{a^{2}+b^{2}+c^{2}}

Solution

26. (2007.03.30) Simplify
a(b+c)a2+2bc1bca2=[a(b+c)a2+2bca(b+c)a2]+2bca21bca2=a(b+c)(bc)2(a2+2bc)a2(bc)22a2=2ab+2aca22bc2(a2+2bc)(a2+b2+c2)(bc)2=a22(ab)(ac)2(a2+2bc)(a2+b2+c2)(bc)2\begin{aligned} \sum \frac{a(b+c)}{a^{2}+2 b c}-1-\frac{\sum b c}{\sum a^{2}}= & \sum\left[\frac{a(b+c)}{a^{2}+2 b c}-\frac{a(b+c)}{\sum a^{2}}\right]+ \\ & \frac{2 \sum b c}{\sum a^{2}}-1-\frac{\sum b c}{\sum a^{2}}= \\ & \sum \frac{a(b+c)(b-c)^{2}}{\left(a^{2}+2 b c\right) \sum a^{2}}-\frac{\sum(b-c)^{2}}{2 \sum a^{2}}= \\ & \sum \frac{2 a b+2 a c-a^{2}-2 b c}{2\left(a^{2}+2 b c\right)\left(a^{2}+b^{2}+c^{2}\right)}(b-c)^{2}= \\ & \sum \frac{a^{2}-2(a-b)(a-c)}{2\left(a^{2}+2 b c\right)\left(a^{2}+b^{2}+c^{2}\right)}(b-c)^{2} \end{aligned}

Therefore, we only need to prove
a22(ab)(ac)a2+2bc(bc)20\sum \frac{a^{2}-2(a-b)(a-c)}{a^{2}+2 b c}(b-c)^{2} \geqslant 0

Since
a2(bc)2a2+2bc0\sum \frac{a^{2}(b-c)^{2}}{a^{2}+2 b c} \geqslant 0

We only need to prove
2(ab)(ac)(bc)2a2+2bc0(ab)(ac)(bc)2a2+2bc0\begin{array}{l} \sum \frac{-2(a-b)(a-c)(b-c)^{2}}{a^{2}+2 b c} \geqslant 0 \Leftrightarrow \\ \sum \frac{-(a-b)(a-c)(b-c)^{2}}{a^{2}+2 b c} \geqslant 0 \end{array}

By symmetry, without loss of generality, assume abca \geqslant b \geqslant c, then
the left side of equation (3) =(ab)(bc)(ac)(bca2+2bc+acb2+2acabc2+2ab)==(a-b)(b-c)(a-c)\left(-\frac{b-c}{a^{2}+2 b c}+\frac{a-c}{b^{2}+2 a c}-\frac{a-b}{c^{2}+2 a b}\right)=
(ab)(bc)(ac)[(bc)(1b2+2ac1a2+2bc)+(ab)(1b2+2ac1c2+2ab)]=(ab)(bc)(ac)[(a+b2c)(ab)(bc)(b2+2ac)(a2+2bc)+(2abc)(ab)(bc)(b2+2ac)(c2+2ab)]0\begin{array}{l} (a-b)(b-c)(a-c)\left[(b-c)\left(\frac{1}{b^{2}+2 a c}-\frac{1}{a^{2}+2 b c}\right)+\right. \\ \left.(a-b)\left(\frac{1}{b^{2}+2 a c}-\frac{1}{c^{2}+2 a b}\right)\right]= \\ (a-b)(b-c)(a-c)\left[\frac{(a+b-2 c)(a-b)(b-c)}{\left(b^{2}+2 a c\right)\left(a^{2}+2 b c\right)}+\right. \\ \left.\frac{(2 a-b-c)(a-b)(b-c)}{\left(b^{2}+2 a c\right)\left(c^{2}+2 a b\right)}\right] \geqslant 0 \end{array}

Thus, equation (3) holds. By equations (2) and (3), equation (1) holds, and the original proposition is proved.

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.