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Algebra Difficulty 6.3 National olympiad Prove it

Example 11.11 (Han Jingjun) a,b,c,d0a, b, c, d \geqslant 0, not all three are zero at the same time, prove that
aa+b+c+bb+c+d+cc+d+a+dd+a+b54a+b+c+d\frac{a}{\sqrt{a+b+c}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{b+c+d}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{c+d+a}}+\frac{d}{\sqrt{d+a+b}} \leqslant \frac{5}{4} \sqrt{a+b+c+d}

Solution

Assume d=min{a,b,c,d}d=\min \{a, b, c, d\}, and let x=a+dx=a+d, then
aa+b+c+dd+a+baa+b+d+dd+a+b=xx+b\frac{a}{\sqrt{a+b+c}}+\frac{d}{\sqrt{d+a+b}} \leqslant \frac{a}{\sqrt{a+b+d}}+\frac{d}{\sqrt{d+a+b}}=\frac{x}{\sqrt{x+b}}

It is also clear that
bb+c+dbb+c\frac{b}{\sqrt{b+c+d}} \leqslant \frac{b}{\sqrt{b+c}}

Thus, it suffices to prove
xx+b+bb+c+cc+d+a54a+b+c+d\frac{x}{\sqrt{x+b}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{b+c}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{c+d+a}} \leqslant \frac{5}{4} \sqrt{a+b+c+d}

The above inequality is the Jack Garfunkel inequality (with variables x,b,cx, b, c).
The equality holds if and only if a3=b1=c0=d0\frac{a}{3}=\frac{b}{1}=\frac{c}{0}=\frac{d}{0} and its cyclic permutations.

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.