Maths Olympiad Prep

Library / /169 of 520

Combinatorics Difficulty 2.6 Junior Find the answer

A traffic light runs repeatedly through the following cycle: green for 3030 seconds, then yellow for 33 seconds, and then red for 3030 seconds. Leah picks a random three-second time interval to watch the light. What is the probability that the color changes while she is watching?

Pick one

Solution

The traffic light runs through a 6363 second cycle.
Letting t=0t=0 reference the moment it turns green, the light changes at three different times: t=30t=30, t=33t=33, and t=63t=63
This means that the light will change if the beginning of Leah's interval lies in
[27,30][27,30], [30,33][30,33] or [60,63][60,63]
This gives a total of 99 seconds out of 6363
963=17(D)\frac{9}{63} = \frac{1}{7} \Rightarrow \mathrm{(D)}

Want a route through all this instead of an archive? The track puts 2,000 problems in a working order, from AMC 10 level to the IMO shortlist.

Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.