Let △ABC be an acute-angled triangle with altitudes AD, BE, and CF. The angle bisectors of ∠A, ∠B, and ∠C intersect EF, FD, and DE at points A′, B′, and C′, respectively. Prove: S△H′B′C′⩽41S△UEF.
Solution
Prove the following algebraic inequality first. Let x,y,z all be positive numbers. Then we have (x+z)(y+z)xy+(y+x)(z+x)yz+(z+y)(x+y)zx⩾43,
with equality holding if and only if x=y=z. In fact, Equation (1) ⇔4[xy(x+y)+yz(y+z)+zx(z+x)]⩾3(x+y)(y+z)(z+x)⇔xy(x+y)+yz(y+z)+zx(z+x)⩾6xyz⇔(yx−xy)2+(zy−yz)2+(xz−zx)2⩾0. 1. The above inequality is obviously true, hence Equation (1) holds, with equality if and only if x=y=z. Now we prove the original inequality. As shown in Figure 1, let △ABC have sides BC=a,CA=b,AB=c.
In △AEF, by the Angle Bisector Theorem, we know A′EFA′=AEFA=ccosAbcosA=cb.
Thus, S_{\triangle A^{\prime} F B^{\prime}}+S_{\triangle B^{\prime} ' D C^{\prime}}+S_{\triangle C^{\prime} E E^{\prime}} =[(a+c)(b+c)ab+(a+b)(a+c)bc+(a+b)(b+c)ca]β△DEF.
In inequality (1), let x=a,y=b,z=c, we get S△H′FH′+S△A′DC′+S△C′EA′⩾43S△OEF. Hence S△A′B′G∗ =S△DEF′−(S△A′FR′+S△H′DC′+S△C′A′)⩽41S△DEF−
with equality holding if and only if △ABC is an equilateral triangle.
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