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Algebra Difficulty 5.8 AIME, harder Prove it

85. Given that aa, bb, cc are positive numbers, and abc1abc \leqslant 1. Prove:
ac+ba+cba+b+c+Q \frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c}{b} \geqslant a+b+c+Q \text {. }

where Q=(1a)(1b)(1c)Q=|(1-a)(1-b)(1-c)|.

Solution

Proof: (1) When a1,b1,c1a \leqslant 1, b \leqslant 1, c \leqslant 1,
(1a)(1b)0,2ab1abc(1ab),2+abca+b+cab+bc+ac.ac+ba+cb3ab+bc+ac+1abc=a+b+c+Q. \begin{aligned} \because & (1-a)(1-b) \geqslant 0, \\ \therefore & 2-a-b \geqslant 1-a b \geqslant c(1-a b), \\ & 2+a b c \geqslant a+b+c \geqslant a b+b c+a c . \\ \therefore & \frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c}{b} \\ \geqslant & 3 \geqslant a b+b c+a c+1-a b c \\ = & a+b+c+Q . \end{aligned}
(2) When a1,b1,c1a \geqslant 1, b \leqslant 1, c \leqslant 1, using \sum to denote the sum, then
Q=abc1+aab0.aab+1abc.ac+ac2a,ac2aac2aac+abc1=a+Q. \begin{array}{l} Q=a b c-1+\sum a-\sum a b \geqslant 0 . \\ \therefore \sum a \geqslant \sum a b+1-a b c . \\ \because \sum \frac{a}{c}+\sum a c \geqslant 2 \sum a, \\ \therefore \sum \frac{a}{c} \geqslant 2 \sum a-\sum a c \\ \quad \geqslant 2 \sum a-\sum a c+a b c-1=\sum a+Q . \end{array}
(3) When a1,b1,c1a \geqslant 1, b \geqslant 1, c \leqslant 1, it is easy to prove
aa+1+bc2+abc \sum a \geqslant a+1+b c \geqslant 2+a b c \text {. }

Also, from Q0Q \geqslant 0, we get
aba+abc1,a2b+b2abab+a+abc1.a2bab+abc1abc(ab+1abc)(4).acab+1abc=a+Q. \begin{array}{l} \sum a b \geqslant \sum a+a b c-1, \\ \sum a^{2} b+\sum b \geqslant 2 \sum a b \\ \geqslant \sum a b+\sum a+a b c-1 . \\ \therefore \sum a^{2} b \geqslant \sum a b+a b c-1 \\ \geqslant a b c\left(\sum a b+1-a b c\right)^{(4)} . \\ \therefore \sum \frac{a}{c} \geqslant \sum a b+1-a b c=\sum a+Q . \end{array}

For a1,c1,b1a \geqslant 1, c \geqslant 1, b \leqslant 1, the proof is similar, as shown in (1),

Note: To prove
ab+abc1abc(ab+1abc), \sum a b+a b c-1 \geqslant a b c\left(\sum a b+1-a b c\right),

it suffices to prove (1abc)ab(1abc)(1+abc)(1-a b c) \sum a b \geqslant(1-a b c)(1+a b c), which is equivalent to proving ab1+abc\sum a b \geqslant 1+a b c.
From Q0Q \geqslant 0 and a2+abc\sum a \geqslant 2+a b c, we have
aba+abc11+2abc1+abc. \sum a b \geqslant \sum a+a b c-1 \geqslant 1+2 a b c \geqslant 1+a b c .

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.