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Algebra Difficulty 7.2 National olympiad, round 2 Prove it

71. Let a,b,ca, b, c be positive real numbers, and abc1a b c \geqslant 1, prove:
(1) (a+1a+1)(b+1b+1)(c+1c+1)278\left(a+\frac{1}{a+1}\right)\left(b+\frac{1}{b+1}\right)\left(c+\frac{1}{c+1}\right) \geqslant \frac{27}{8};
(2) 27(a3+a2+a+1)(b3+b2+b+1)(c3+c2+c+1)64(a2+a+1)(b2+b+1)(c2+c+1)27\left(a^{3}+a^{2}+a+1\right)\left(b^{3}+b^{2}+b+1\right)\left(c^{3}+c^{2}+c+1\right) \geqslant 64\left(a^{2}+a+1\right)\left(b^{2}+b+1\right)\left(c^{2}+c+1\right). (2007 Ukrainian Mathematical Olympiad Problem)

Solution

71. (1) a2+a+134(a+1)2(a1)20a^{2}+a+1 \geqslant \frac{3}{4}(a+1)^{2} \Leftrightarrow (a-1)^{2} \geqslant 0, so,
a+1a+134(a+1)a+\frac{1}{a+1} \geqslant \frac{3}{4}(a+1)

Similarly,
b+1b+134(b+1)c+1c+134(c+1)\begin{array}{l} b+\frac{1}{b+1} \geqslant \frac{3}{4}(b+1) \\ c+\frac{1}{c+1} \geqslant \frac{3}{4}(c+1) \end{array}

Multiplying these inequalities, we get
(a+1a+1)(b+1b+1)(c+1c+1)2764(a+1)(b+1)(c+1)27642a2b2c=278abc278\begin{array}{l} \left(a+\frac{1}{a+1}\right)\left(b+\frac{1}{b+1}\right)\left(c+\frac{1}{c+1}\right) \geqslant \\ \frac{27}{64}(a+1)(b+1)(c+1) \geqslant \\ \frac{27}{64} \cdot 2 \sqrt{a} \cdot 2 \sqrt{b} \cdot 2 \sqrt{c}= \\ \frac{27}{8} \sqrt{a b c} \geqslant \frac{27}{8} \end{array}
(2) a2+123(a2+a+1)(a1)20a^{2}+1 \geqslant \frac{2}{3}\left(a^{2}+a+1\right) \Leftrightarrow (a-1)^{2} \geqslant 0, so,
27(a3+a2+a+1)(b3+b2+b+1)(c3+c2+c+1)=27(a2+1)(a+1)(b2+1)(b+1)(c2+1)(c+1)2723(a2+a+1)(a+1)23(b2+b+1)(b+1)23(c2+c+1)(c+1)2a2b2c=64(a2+a+1)(b2+b+1)(c2+c+1)abc64(a2+a+1)(b2+b+1)(c2+c+1)=8(a2+a+1)(b2+b+1)(c2+c+1)(a+1)(b+1)(c+1)8(a2+a+1)(b2+b+1)(c2+c+1)\begin{array}{l} 27\left(a^{3}+a^{2}+a+1\right)\left(b^{3}+b^{2}+b+1\right)\left(c^{3}+c^{2}+c+1\right)= \\ 27\left(a^{2}+1\right)(a+1)\left(b^{2}+1\right)(b+1)\left(c^{2}+1\right)(c+1) \geqslant \\ 27 \cdot \frac{2}{3}\left(a^{2}+a+1\right) \cdot(a+1) \cdot \frac{2}{3}\left(b^{2}+b+1\right) \cdot(b+1) \cdot \\ \frac{2}{3}\left(c^{2}+c+1\right) \cdot(c+1) \cdot 2 \sqrt{a} \cdot 2 \sqrt{b} \cdot 2 \sqrt{c}= \\ 64\left(a^{2}+a+1\right)\left(b^{2}+b+1\right)\left(c^{2}+c+1\right) \sqrt{a b c} \geqslant \\ 64\left(a^{2}+a+1\right)\left(b^{2}+b+1\right)\left(c^{2}+c+1\right)= \\ 8\left(a^{2}+a+1\right)\left(b^{2}+b+1\right)\left(c^{2}+c+1\right)(a+1)(b+1)(c+1) \geqslant \\ 8\left(a^{2}+a+1\right)\left(b^{2}+b+1\right)\left(c^{2}+c+1\right) \end{array}

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.