Maths Olympiad Prep

Library / /245 of 520

Algebra Difficulty 6.6 National olympiad Find the answer

3. Given positive numbers a,ba, b, real numbers xi[a,b],i=1,2,,nx_{i} \in[a, b], i=1,2, \cdots, n. Find the minimum value of f=f= x1x2xn(a+x1)(x1+x2)(xn+b)\frac{x_{1} x_{2} \cdots x_{n}}{\left(a+x_{1}\right)\left(x_{1}+x_{2}\right) \cdots\left(x_{n}+b\right)}. (2005 Jiangsu Province Mathematical Winter Camp Problem)

A number or a short expression. Fractions can be typed as 3/2, and spacing doesn't matter.

Solution

3. First prove the inequality (1+b1x)(1+b2x)(1+bn1x)(F+bnx)\left(1+b_{1} x\right)\left(1+b_{2} x\right) \cdots\left(1+b_{n-1} x\right)\left(F+b_{n} x\right) \geqslant [1+b1b2bn=xn]n\left[1+\sqrt[n]{b_{1} b_{2} \cdots b_{n}^{=} x}\right]^{\underline{n}}.

Consider f(x)=lg(1+10x)f(x)=\lg \left(1+10^{x}\right), by Jensen's inequality f(x1)+f(x2)++f(xm)m\frac{f\left(x_{1}\right)+f\left(x_{2}\right)+\cdots+f\left(x_{m}\right)}{m} \geqslant
f[x1+x2++xmm]f\left[\frac{x_{1}+x_{2}+\cdots+x_{m}}{m}\right]

So
f(x)(an+1+bn+1)n+1f(x) \leqslant(\sqrt[n+1]{a}+\sqrt[n+1]{b})^{n+1}

Want a route through all this instead of an archive? The track puts 2,000 problems in a working order, from AMC 10 level to the IMO shortlist.

Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.