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Algebra Difficulty 3.7 AMC 10/12 Find the answer

Given a sequence {an}\{a_n\} whose sum of the first nn terms is SnS_n, and Sn=n2nS_n = n^2 - n, in a positive geometric sequence {bn}\{b_n\}, b2=a2b_2 = a_2, b4=a5b_4 = a_5.

(1) Find the general formula for {an}\{a_n\} and {bn}\{b_n\}.

(2) Let cn=an×bnc_n = a_n \times b_n, find the sum of the first nn terms of the sequence {cn}\{c_n\}, denoted as TnT_n.

A number or a short expression. Spacing and $ signs are ignored.

Solution

Solution:
(1) Since Sn=n2nS_n = n^2 - n,

Let n=1n=1, we get a1=0a_1 = 0

an=SnSn1=2(n1)a_n = S_n - S_{n-1} = 2(n-1), for (n2)(n \geq 2)

Therefore, an=2(n1)a_n = 2(n-1).

Since sequence {bn}\{b_n\} is a geometric sequence, b2=a2=2b_2 = a_2 = 2, b4=a5=8b_4 = a_5 = 8,

Therefore, b4b2=q2=4\frac{b_4}{b_2} = q^2 = 4,

And since all terms are positive,

q=2q = 2, therefore bn=2n1b_n = 2^{n-1}.

(2) From (1), we get: cn=(n1)2nc_n = (n-1) \cdot 2^n,

Therefore, Tn=0+(21)22+(31)23++(n1)2n=122+223++(n1)2nT_n = 0 + (2-1) \cdot 2^2 + (3-1) \cdot 2^3 + \cdots + (n-1) \cdot 2^n = 1 \cdot 2^2 + 2 \cdot 2^3 + \cdots + (n-1) \cdot 2^n,

2Tn=123+224++(n2)2n+(n1)2n+12T_n = 1 \cdot 2^3 + 2 \cdot 2^4 + \cdots + (n-2) \cdot 2^n + (n-1) \cdot 2^{n+1},

Tn=22+23+24++2n(n1)2n+1=22(12n1)12(n1)2n+1=2n+1(n1)2n+14-T_n = 2^2 + 2^3 + 2^4 + \cdots + 2^n - (n-1) \cdot 2^{n+1} = \frac{2^2(1-2^{n-1})}{1-2} - (n-1) \cdot 2^{n+1} = 2^{n+1} - (n-1) \cdot 2^{n+1} - 4,

Therefore, Tn=(n2)2n+1+4T_n = (n-2) \cdot 2^{n+1} + 4.

Thus, the final answers are:
(1) an=2(n1)a_n = 2(n-1), bn=2n1b_n = 2^{n-1}
(2) Tn=(n2)2n+1+4T_n = (n-2) \cdot 2^{n+1} + 4
So, the boxed answers are:
(1) an=2(n1),bn=2n1\boxed{a_n = 2(n-1), b_n = 2^{n-1}}
(2) Tn=(n2)2n+1+4\boxed{T_n = (n-2) \cdot 2^{n+1} + 4}

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.