Maths Olympiad Prep

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Geometry Difficulty 7.1 National olympiad, round 2 Prove it

\quadLet Let A, Band and Cbepointslyingonacircle be points lying on a circle \Gammawithcentre with centre O.Assumethat. Assume that \angle A B C>90.Let. Let Dbethepointofintersectionoftheline be the point of intersection of the line A Bwiththelineperpendicularto with the line perpendicular to A Cat at C.Let. Let lbethelinethrough be the line through Dwhichisperpendicularto which is perpendicular to A O.Let. Let Ebethepointofintersectionof be the point of intersection of lwiththeline with the line A C,andlet, and let Fbethepointofintersectionof be the point of intersection of \Gammawith with lthatliesbetween that lies between Dand and E$.
Prove that the circumcircles of triangles BFEB F E and CFDC F D are tangent at FF.

Solutions — 2

Solution 1

Let AO={K}\ell \cap A O=\{K\} and GG be the other end point of the diameter of Γ\Gamma through AA. Then D,C,GD, C, G are collinear. Moreover, EE is the orthocenter of triangle ADGA D G. Therefore GEADG E \perp A D and G,E,BG, E, B are collinear.
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As CDF=GDK=GAC=GFC,FG\angle C D F=\angle G D K=\angle G A C=\angle G F C, F G is tangent to the circumcircle of triangle CFDC F D at FF. As FBE=FBG=FAG=GFK=GFE,FG\angle F B E=\angle F B G=\angle F A G=\angle G F K=\angle G F E, F G is also tangent to the circumcircle of BFEB F E at FF. Hence the circumcircles of the triangles CFDC F D and BFEB F E are tangent at FF.
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Solution 2

1. Given Setup and Definitions:
- Let AA, BB, and CC be points on a circle Γ\Gamma with center OO.
- ABC>90\angle ABC > 90^\circ.
- DD is the intersection of line ABAB with the line perpendicular to ACAC at CC.
- Line ll through DD is perpendicular to AOAO.
- EE is the intersection of ll with line ACAC.
- FF is the intersection of Γ\Gamma with ll between DD and EE.

2. Intersection Points and Concyclic Points:
- Let DE\overline{DE} meet Γ\Gamma again at LL.
- Let AO\overline{AO} meet Γ\Gamma again at RR.
- Note that RR lies on line CD\overline{CD}.
- Let DE\overline{DE} meet AO\overline{AO} at KK.
- Points EE, CC, RR, and KK are concyclic.

3. Power of a Point:
- By the Power of a Point theorem, we have:
DADB=DCDR=DEDK \overline{DA} \cdot \overline{DB} = \overline{DC} \cdot \overline{DR} = \overline{DE} \cdot \overline{DK}
- This implies that AA, BB, EE, and KK are concyclic.

4. Angle Calculation:
- Since AA, BB, EE, and KK are concyclic, we have:
ABE=90 \angle ABE = 90^\circ

5. Symmetry and Tangency:
- Points FF and LL are symmetric with respect to line RA\overline{RA}.
- Therefore, we have:
BFD=\overarcBL=\overarcBR+\overarcRL=\overarcBR+\overarcFR \angle BFD = \overarc{BL} = \overarc{BR} + \overarc{RL} = \overarc{BR} + \overarc{FR}
- This can be rewritten using angles:
BFD=BAK+FLR=BED+FCD \angle BFD = \angle BAK + \angle FLR = \angle BED + \angle FCD
- This proves that the circumcircles of BFE\triangle BFE and CFD\triangle CFD are tangent at point FF.

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.