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Geometry Difficulty 6.3 National olympiad Find the answer

What is the area of the figure in the complex plane enclosed by the origin and the set of all points 1z\tfrac{1}{z} such that (12i)z+(2i1)z=6i(1-2i)z+(-2i-1)\overline{z}=6i?

A number or a short expression. Fractions can be typed as 3/2, and spacing doesn't matter.

Solution

1. Algebraic Approach:
- Let z=a+bi z = a + bi , where a a and b b are real numbers.
- Substitute z z and its conjugate z=abi \overline{z} = a - bi into the given equation:
(12i)z+(2i1)z=6i (1-2i)z + (-2i-1)\overline{z} = 6i
(12i)(a+bi)+(2i1)(abi)=6i (1-2i)(a+bi) + (-2i-1)(a-bi) = 6i
- Expand and simplify:
(a2ai+b(2i)2)+(a2aib(2i)2)=6i (a - 2ai + b(-2i)^2) + (-a - 2ai - b(-2i)^2) = 6i
(a2ai2b+4bi)+(a2ai+2b4bi)=6i (a - 2ai - 2b + 4bi) + (-a - 2ai + 2b - 4bi) = 6i
4ai+4bi=6i -4ai + 4bi = 6i
(4a+4b)i=6i (-4a + 4b)i = 6i
- Equate the imaginary parts:
4a+4b=6 -4a + 4b = 6
4a+4b=6    4a+4b=6    ab=32 -4a + 4b = 6 \implies -4a + 4b = 6 \implies a - b = -\frac{3}{2}
- The real parts cancel out, leaving:
a2+b2+23a+13b=0 a^2 + b^2 + \frac{2}{3}a + \frac{1}{3}b = 0
- Complete the square:
a2+23a+b2+13b=0 a^2 + \frac{2}{3}a + b^2 + \frac{1}{3}b = 0
(a+13)2+(b+16)2=536 \left(a + \frac{1}{3}\right)^2 + \left(b + \frac{1}{6}\right)^2 = \frac{5}{36}
- This represents a circle with radius 536=56\sqrt{\frac{5}{36}} = \frac{\sqrt{5}}{6}.

2. Geometric Approach:
- Let w=(12i)z w = (1-2i)z , then the equation becomes:
ww=6i w - \overline{w} = 6i
- This represents a line in the complex plane where the imaginary part of w w is 3:
Im(w)=3 \text{Im}(w) = 3
- Inverting w1w w \mapsto \frac{1}{w} yields a circle centered at (0,16) \left(0, \frac{1}{6}\right) with radius 16 \frac{1}{6} .
- The area of this circle is:
π(16)2=π36 \pi \left(\frac{1}{6}\right)^2 = \frac{\pi}{36}
- Scaling by w2z2=5 \frac{|w|^2}{|z|^2} = 5 gives:
5×π36=5π36 5 \times \frac{\pi}{36} = \frac{5\pi}{36}

The final answer is 5π36\boxed{\frac{5\pi}{36}}.

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.