Maths Olympiad Prep

Library / /421 of 520

Geometry Difficulty 7.4 National olympiad, round 2 Prove it

Let OO be the circumcenter of the isosceles triangle ABCABC (AB=ACAB = AC). Let PP be a point of the segment AOAO and QQ the symmetric of PP with respect to the midpoint of ABAB. If OQOQ cuts ABAB at KK and the circle that passes through A,KA, K and OO cuts ACAC in LL, show that ALP=CLO\angle ALP = \angle CLO.

Solution

1. Identify the given elements and their properties:
- OO is the circumcenter of the isosceles triangle ABCABC with AB=ACAB = AC.
- PP is a point on the segment AOAO.
- QQ is the symmetric of PP with respect to the midpoint of ABAB.
- OQOQ intersects ABAB at KK.
- The circle passing through A,K,A, K, and OO intersects ACAC at LL.

2. Establish the symmetry and congruence relationships:
- Since QQ is the symmetric of PP with respect to the midpoint of ABAB, QQ lies on the perpendicular bisector of ABAB.
- OO is the circumcenter, so OA=OB=OCOA = OB = OC.
- The circle passing through A,K,A, K, and OO implies that KK and LL are concyclic with AA and OO.

3. Use the properties of the circumcircle and isosceles triangle:
- Since AB=ACAB = AC, BAC=BCA\angle BAC = \angle BCA.
- OO being the circumcenter means BOA=COA=2BAC\angle BOA = \angle COA = 2\angle BAC.

4. Analyze the intersection points and angles:
- Since OQOQ intersects ABAB at KK, and KK lies on the circle passing through A,K,A, K, and OO, we have KAO=KLO\angle KAO = \angle KLO.
- By the property of the circle, KAO=OCA\angle KAO = \angle OCA.

5. Prove the congruence of triangles:
- ΔKOAΔLOC\Delta KOA \cong \Delta LOC by the properties of the circle and the isosceles triangle.
- This implies OK=OLOK = OL and KAO=OCA\angle KAO = \angle OCA.

6. Use the symmetry to establish angle relationships:
- Since QQ is symmetric to PP with respect to the midpoint of ABAB, QBK=PAL\angle QBK = \angle PAL.
- ΔBQKΔAPL\Delta BQK \cong \Delta APL by the symmetry and congruence properties.

7. Conclude the angle equality:
- From the congruence ΔBQKΔAPL\Delta BQK \cong \Delta APL, we have ALP=BQK\angle ALP = \angle BQK.
- Since BQK=CLO\angle BQK = \angle CLO by the properties of the circumcircle and symmetry, we conclude ALP=CLO\angle ALP = \angle CLO.

ALP=CLO \boxed{\angle ALP = \angle CLO}

Want a route through all this instead of an archive? The track puts 2,000 problems in a working order, from AMC 10 level to the IMO shortlist.

Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.