GeometryDifficulty 7.4National olympiad, round 2Prove it
The points P and Q are chosen on the side BC of an acute-angled triangle ABC so that ∠PAB=∠ACB and ∠QAC=∠CBA. The points M and N are taken on the rays AP and AQ, respectively, so that AP=PM and AQ=QN. Prove that the lines BM and CN intersect on the circumcircle of the triangle ABC. (Georgia)
Solution
Denote by S the intersection point of the lines BM and CN. Let moreover β=∠QAC=∠CBA and γ=∠PAB=∠ACB. From these equalities it follows that the triangles ABP and CAQ are similar (see Figure 1). Therefore we obtain PMBP=PABP=QCAQ=QCNQ Moreover, ∠BPM=β+γ=∠CQN Hence the triangles BPM and NQC are similar. This gives ∠BMP=∠NCQ, so the triangles BPM and BSC are also similar. Thus we get ∠CSB=∠BPM=β+γ=180∘−∠BAC, which completes the solution. ! Figure 1 ! Figure 2
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