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Geometry Difficulty 5.4 AIME, harder Find the answer

9. Let ABC\mathrm{ABC} be a triangle with sides AB=7,BC=8\mathrm{AB}=7, \mathrm{BC}=8 and AC=9\mathrm{AC}=9. A\mathrm{A} unique circle can be drawn touching the side AC\mathrm{AC} and the lines BA produced and BC produced. Let D be the centre of this circle. Find the value of BD2\mathrm{BD}^{2}.

A number or a short expression. Spacing and $ signs are ignored.

Solution

9. Answer: 224
Let the circle with centre D\mathrm{D} and radius rr touch the tangent lines AC,BA\mathrm{AC}, \mathrm{BA} produced and BC\mathrm{BC} produced at the points E,F\mathrm{E}, \mathrm{F} and G\mathrm{G} respectively. Then r=DE=DF=DFr=\mathrm{DE}=\mathrm{DF}=\mathrm{DF}. Hence, triangles BDF\mathrm{BDF} and BDG\mathrm{BDG} are congruent, and hence ABD=CBD=1/2ABC\angle \mathrm{ABD}=\angle \mathrm{CBD}=1 / 2 \angle \mathrm{ABC}. We have cosB=a2+c2b22ac=θ2+72922(8)(7)=27\cos B=\frac{a^{2}+c^{2}-b^{2}}{2 a c}=\frac{\theta^{2}+7^{2}-9^{2}}{2(8)(7)}=\frac{2}{7}, and hence sinB2=1cosB2=514\sin \frac{B}{2}=\sqrt{\frac{1-\cos B}{2}}=\sqrt{\frac{5}{14}}.
To find rr, we have
(ABD)+(BCD)(ACD)=(ABC), (\mathrm{ABD})+(\mathrm{BCD})-(\mathrm{ACD})=(\mathrm{ABC}),
where (ABD) denotes the area of triangle ABD\mathrm{ABD}, etc.
Hence 12cr+12ar12br=s(sa)(sb)(sc)\frac{1}{2} c r+\frac{1}{2} a r-\frac{1}{2} b r=\sqrt{s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)}, where s=8+9+72=12s=\frac{8+9+7}{2}=12.
Solving, we get r=45r=4 \sqrt{5}. Considering, triangle BDFB D F, we have BD=rsin42=414B D=\frac{r}{\sin \frac{4}{2}}=4 \sqrt{14}. Thus, we have BD2=224\mathrm{BD}^{2}=224.

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.