Maths Olympiad Prep

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Number theory Difficulty 5.3 AIME, harder Find the answer

5. (10 points) Given that x,yx, y are natural numbers greater than 0, and x+y=150x+y=150, if xx is a multiple of 3, and yy is a multiple of 5, then the number of different pairs (x,y)(x, y) is \qquad pairs.

A number or a short expression. Fractions can be typed as 3/2, and spacing doesn't matter.

Solution

【Analysis】First, according to the divisibility rule of 5, the last digit must be 0 or 5. Therefore, the difference between 150 and a multiple of 5 will still have a last digit of 0 or 5. We can enumerate the numbers that end in 0 or 5.

【Solution】Solution: According to the divisibility rule of 5, the last digit must be 0 or 5. Therefore, 150 minus this number will still have a last digit of 0 or 5. We can find the numbers ending in 0 or 5 that are multiples of 3.
30,60,90,120,15,45,75,105,13530, 60, 90, 120, 15, 45, 75, 105, 135 There are 9 numbers that satisfy the condition.
Thus, there are 9 pairs of numbers.
The answer is: 9.
【Comment】This problem tests the divisibility properties of numbers. The key is to find the numbers ending in 0 or 5 that are multiples of 3, and then enumerate to solve the problem.

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.