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Algebra Difficulty 6.2 National olympiad Prove it

Example 2 Given a,b,c>0,a2+b2+c2=3a, b, c > 0, a^{2}+b^{2}+c^{2}=3, prove: the algebraic expressions a2b2+c2,b2c2+a2,c2a2+b2a^{2} b^{2}+c^{2}, b^{2} c^{2}+a^{2}, c^{2} a^{2}+b^{2}, at least one of them is not greater than 2.

Solution

Proof: Since a21a^{2}-1, b21b^{2}-1, and c21c^{2}-1 must have 2 that are not both greater than zero or not both less than zero, without loss of generality, let them be a21a^{2}-1 and b21b^{2}-1. Thus, we have (a21)(b21)0\left(a^{2}-1\right)\left(b^{2}-1\right) \leqslant 0, which implies a2+b2a2b2+1a^{2}+b^{2} \geqslant a^{2} b^{2}+1.
Therefore, a2+b2+c2a2b2+1+c2a^{2}+b^{2}+c^{2} \geqslant a^{2} b^{2}+1+c^{2}, which means a2b2+c22a^{2} b^{2}+c^{2} \leqslant 2.
Hence, the expressions a2b2+c2a^{2} b^{2}+c^{2}, b2c2+a2b^{2} c^{2}+a^{2}, and c2a2+b2c^{2} a^{2}+b^{2} must have at least one that is not greater than 2.

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.