Maths Olympiad Prep

Library / /447 of 520

Algebra Difficulty 7.4 National olympiad, round 2 Prove it

Example 6 Prove that for all positive numbers a,b,ca, b, c, we have 1a3+b3+abc+1b3+c3+abc+\frac{1}{a^{3}+b^{3}+a b c}+\frac{1}{b^{3}+c^{3}+a b c}+ 1c3+a3+abc1abc\frac{1}{c^{3}+a^{3}+a b c} \leqslant \frac{1}{a b c}. (26th USA Mathematical Olympiad Problem)

Solution

Prove that by eliminating the denominator and simplifying, the original inequality is equivalent to
a6(b3+c3)+b6(c3+a3)+c6(a3+b3)2a2b2c2(a3+b3+c3)a^{6}\left(b^{3}+c^{3}\right)+b^{6}\left(c^{3}+a^{3}\right)+c^{6}\left(a^{3}+b^{3}\right) \geqslant 2 a^{2} b^{2} c^{2}\left(a^{3}+b^{3}+c^{3}\right)

Because
2a2b2c2(a3+b3+c3)a5(b4+c4)+b5(c4+a4)+c5(a4+b4)2 a^{2} b^{2} c^{2}\left(a^{3}+b^{3}+c^{3}\right) \leqslant a^{5}\left(b^{4}+c^{4}\right)+b^{5}\left(c^{4}+a^{4}\right)+c^{5}\left(a^{4}+b^{4}\right)

And
a6(b3+c3)+b6(c3+a3)+c6(a3+b3)a5(b4+c4)b5(c4+a4)c5(a4+b4)=a5b3(ab)+a5c3(ac)b5a3(ab)+b5c3(bc)c5a3(ac)c5b3(bc)=(ab)a5b3(a2b2)+(ac)a3c3(a2c2)+(bc)b3c3(b2c2)=a3b3(ab)2(a+b)+a3c3(ac)2(a+c)+b3c3(bc)2(b+c)0\begin{array}{l} a^{6}\left(b^{3}+c^{3}\right)+b^{6}\left(c^{3}+a^{3}\right)+c^{6}\left(a^{3}+b^{3}\right) \\ a^{5}\left(b^{4}+c^{4}\right)-b^{5}\left(c^{4}+a^{4}\right)-c^{5}\left(a^{4}+b^{4}\right)= \\ a^{5} b^{3}(a-b)+a^{5} c^{3}(a-c)-b^{5} a^{3}(a-b)+ \\ b^{5} c^{3}(b-c)-c^{5} a^{3}(a-c)-c^{5} b^{3}(b-c)= \\ (a-b) a^{5} b^{3}\left(a^{2}-b^{2}\right)+(a-c) a^{3} c^{3}\left(a^{2}-c^{2}\right)+(b-c) b^{3} c^{3}\left(b^{2}-c^{2}\right)= \\ a^{3} b^{3}(a-b)^{2}(a+b)+a^{3} c^{3}(a-c)^{2}(a+c)+b^{3} c^{3}(b-c)^{2}(b+c) \geqslant 0 \end{array}

Therefore, inequality (1) holds.

Want a route through all this instead of an archive? The track puts 2,000 problems in a working order, from AMC 10 level to the IMO shortlist.

Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.