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Algebra Difficulty 7.2 National olympiad, round 2 Prove it

Proposition 4 If the series i=1a1im,i=1a2im,i=1amim\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}\left|a_{1 i}\right|^{m}, \sum_{i=1}^{\infty}\left|a_{2 i}\right|^{m}, \cdots \sum_{i=1}^{\infty}\left|a_{m i}\right|^{m} all converge, and for nN\forall n \in N there is the inequality
(i=1na1ia2iami)mi=1a1imj=1a2imi=1namim\left(\sum_{i=1}^{n}\left|a_{1 i} a_{2 i} \cdots a_{m i}\right|\right)^{m} \leq \sum_{i=1}^{\infty}\left|a_{1 i}\right|^{m} \sum_{j=1}^{\infty}\left|a_{2 i}\right|^{m} \cdots \sum_{i=1}^{n}\left|a_{m i}\right|^{m}

then for any continuous functions fj(x)(j=1,2,,n)f_{j}(x)(j=1,2, \cdots, n) defined on [a,b][a, b], we have
[abi=1nfj(x)dx]ni=1n[abfjf(x)dx]\left[\int_{a}^{b}\left|\prod_{i=1}^{n} f_{j}(x)\right| d x\right]^{n} \leq \prod_{i=1}^{n}\left[\int_{a}^{b}\left|f_{j}^{f}(x)\right| d x\right]

Solution

Proof: Given functions fj(x)f_{j}(x) defined on the interval [a,b][a, b] and continuous (jN)(j \in N), divide the interval [a,b][a, b] into mm equal parts, then the length of each subinterval is Δx\Delta x. Take the left endpoint ξi(i=1,2,,m)\xi_{i} (i=1,2, \cdots, m) of each subinterval, then we have
abj=1nfj(x)dx=limni=1m(f1(ξi)f2(ξi)fn(ξi))Δxabfj(xi)dx=limni=1m(fjb(ξi),j=1,2,n\begin{array}{l} \int_{a}^{b}\left|\prod_{j=1}^{n} f_{j}(x)\right| d x=\lim _{n \rightarrow \infty} \sum_{i=1}^{m}\left(\left|f_{1}\left(\xi_{i}\right) \| f_{2}\left(\xi_{i}\right)\right| \cdots\left|f_{n}\left(\xi_{i}\right)\right|\right) \Delta x \\ \int_{a}^{b} f_{j}\left(x_{i}\right) \mid d x=\lim _{n \rightarrow \infty} \sum_{i=1}^{m}\left(f_{j}^{b}\left(\xi_{i}\right) \mid, \quad j=1,2, \cdots n\right. \end{array}

Let a1in=f1p(ξi),a2in=f2n(ξi),,anin=fnn(ξi)\left|a_{1 i}^{n}\right|=\left|f_{1}^{p}\left(\xi_{i}\right)\right|,\left|a_{2 i}^{n}\right|=\left|f_{2}^{n}\left(\xi_{i}\right)\right|, \cdots,\left|a_{n i}^{n}\right|=\left|f_{n}^{n}\left(\xi_{i}\right)\right|, then the series i=1a1in\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}\left|a_{1 i}^{n}\right|, i=1a2in,,i=1anin\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}\left|a_{2 i}^{n}\right|, \cdots, \sum_{i=1}^{\infty}\left|a_{n i}^{n}\right| all converge. By the corollary of Proposition 2, we get:
(i=1aiia2iaki)ni=1aiini=1a1in(i=1akinn)\left(\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}\left|a_{i i} a_{2 i} \cdots a_{k i}\right|\right)_{n} \leq \sum_{i=1}^{\infty}\left|a_{i i}^{n}\right| \sum_{i=1}^{\infty}\left|a_{1 i}^{n}\right| \cdots\left(\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}\left|a_{k i n}^{n}\right|\right)

That is
[i=1nf1(ξi)f2(ξi)fn(ξi)]ni=1nf1f(ξi)i=1nfnf(ξi)\left[\sum_{i=1}^{n}\left|f_{1}\left(\xi_{i}\right) f_{2}\left(\xi_{i}\right) \cdots f_{n}\left(\xi_{i}\right)\right|\right]^{n} \leq \sum_{i=1}^{n}\left|f_{1}^{f}\left(\xi_{i}\right)\right| \cdots \sum_{i=1}^{n}\left|f_{n}^{f}\left(\xi_{i}\right)\right|

Therefore, we have
[i=1f1(ξi)f2(ξi)fn(ξi)Δx]ni=1f1(ξi)Δxi=11n(ξi)Δx\left[\sum_{i=1}^{\infty} f_{1}\left(\xi_{i}\right) f_{2}\left(\xi_{i}\right) \cdots f_{\mathrm{n}}\left(\xi_{i}\right) \Delta x\right]^{n} \leq \sum_{i=1}^{\infty} f_{1}^{\prime}\left(\xi_{i}\right) \Delta x \cdots \sum_{i=1}^{\infty} 1_{n}^{\prime}\left(\xi_{i}\right) \Delta x

Thus, we obtain:
[abj=1nfj(x)dx]nj=1n[abfjB(x)dx]\left[\int_{a}^{b}\left|\prod_{j=1}^{n} f_{j}(x)\right| d x\right]^{n} \leq \prod_{j=1}^{n}\left[\int_{a}^{b}\left|f_{j}^{B}(x)\right| d x\right]

Therefore, the original proposition holds.

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.