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Algebra Difficulty 3.6 AMC 10/12 Find the answer

For each real number xx, let f(x)f(x) be the minimum of the numbers 4x+1,x+24x+1, x+2, and 2x+4-2x+4. Then the maximum value of f(x)f(x) is

Pick one

Solutions — 2

Solution 1

The first two given functions intersect at (13,73)\left(\frac{1}{3},\frac{7}{3}\right), and last two at (23,83)\left(\frac{2}{3},\frac{8}{3}\right). Therefore f(x)={4x+1xx>232x+4x>23f(x)=\left\{ \begin{matrix} 4x+1 & xx>\frac{2}{3} \\ -2x+4 & x>\frac{2}{3} \end{matrix}\right.
Which attains a maximum at
(E) 83\boxed{(E)\ \frac{8}{3}}

Solution 2

1. We are given the function f(x) f(x) which is defined as the minimum of three linear functions: 4x+1 4x + 1 , x+2 x + 2 , and 2x+4 -2x + 4 . We need to find the maximum value of f(x) f(x) .

2. To determine the intervals where each function is the minimum, we first find the points of intersection of the three lines:
- Set 4x+1=x+2 4x + 1 = x + 2 :
4x+1=x+2    3x=1    x=13 4x + 1 = x + 2 \implies 3x = 1 \implies x = \frac{1}{3}
- Set 4x+1=2x+4 4x + 1 = -2x + 4 :
4x+1=2x+4    6x=3    x=12 4x + 1 = -2x + 4 \implies 6x = 3 \implies x = \frac{1}{2}
- Set x+2=2x+4 x + 2 = -2x + 4 :
x+2=2x+4    3x=2    x=23 x + 2 = -2x + 4 \implies 3x = 2 \implies x = \frac{2}{3}

3. We now have the points of intersection x=13 x = \frac{1}{3} , x=12 x = \frac{1}{2} , and x=23 x = \frac{2}{3} . These points divide the real line into intervals. We will analyze each interval to determine which function is the minimum in that interval.

4. For x13 x \leq \frac{1}{3} :
- Compare 4x+1 4x + 1 , x+2 x + 2 , and 2x+4 -2x + 4 :
4x+1x+2and4x+12x+4 4x + 1 \leq x + 2 \quad \text{and} \quad 4x + 1 \leq -2x + 4
- At x=13 x = \frac{1}{3} :
4(13)+1=43+1=73 4\left(\frac{1}{3}\right) + 1 = \frac{4}{3} + 1 = \frac{7}{3}

5. For 13x23 \frac{1}{3} \leq x \leq \frac{2}{3} :
- Compare 4x+1 4x + 1 , x+2 x + 2 , and 2x+4 -2x + 4 :
x+24x+1andx+22x+4 x + 2 \leq 4x + 1 \quad \text{and} \quad x + 2 \leq -2x + 4
- At x=23 x = \frac{2}{3} :
23+2=23+63=83 \frac{2}{3} + 2 = \frac{2}{3} + \frac{6}{3} = \frac{8}{3}

6. For x23 x \geq \frac{2}{3} :
- Compare 4x+1 4x + 1 , x+2 x + 2 , and 2x+4 -2x + 4 :
2x+44x+1and2x+4x+2 -2x + 4 \leq 4x + 1 \quad \text{and} \quad -2x + 4 \leq x + 2
- At x=23 x = \frac{2}{3} :
2(23)+4=43+4=83 -2\left(\frac{2}{3}\right) + 4 = -\frac{4}{3} + 4 = \frac{8}{3}

7. From the above analysis, the maximum value of f(x) f(x) is 83 \frac{8}{3} .

The final answer is 83\boxed{\frac{8}{3}}.

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.