Determine the number of pairs of integers (m,n) such that
n+2016+m−2016∈Q
A number or a short expression. Spacing and $ signs are ignored.
Solution
Let r=n+2016+m−2016. Then
n+m+2n+2016⋅m−2016=r2
and
(m−n)2106=41(r2−m−n)2−mn+2016∈Q
Since 2016∈/Q, it follows that m=n. Then
n2−2016=21(r2−2n)∈Q
Hence, there is some nonnegative integer p such that n2−2016=p2 and (1) becomes 2n+2p=r2.
It follows that 2(n+p)=r2 is the square of a rational and also an integer, hence a perfect square. On the other hand, 2016=(n−p)(n+p) and n+p is a divisor of 2016, larger than 2016. Since n+p is even, so is also n−p, and r2=2(n+p) is a divisor of 2016=25⋅32⋅7, larger than 22016>88. The only possibility is r2=24⋅32=122. Hence, n+p=72 and n−p=28, and we conclude that n=m=50. Thus, there is only one such pair.
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Source: NuminaMath-1.5,
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