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Geometry Difficulty 7.3 National olympiad, round 2 Prove it

Let ABCABC be a triangle and MM be the midpoint of BCBC, and let AMAM meet the circumcircle of ABCABC again at RR. A line passing through RR and parallel to BCBC meet the circumcircle of ABCABC again at SS. Let UU be the foot from RR to BCBC, and TT be the reflection of UU in RR. DD lies in BCBC such that ADAD is an altitude. NN is the midpoint of ADAD. Finally let ASAS and MNMN meets at KK. Prove that ATAT bisector MKMK.

Solution

1. **Reflecting RR in MM**: Let RR' be the reflection of RR in MM. Since MM is the midpoint of BCBC, RR' lies on the circumcircle of ABC\triangle ABC.

2. Projection and Reflection: Let HH be the projection of DD onto line τ\tau (which is parallel to BCBC). Denote VATMNV \equiv AT \cap MN, XATBCX \equiv AT \cap BC, YASBCY \equiv AS \cap BC, and let DD' be the reflection of DD in MM.

3. Cross Ratio: Note that 1=A(U,T;R,)=(U,X;M,D)-1 = A(U, T; R, \infty) = (U, X; M, D). This implies that the cross ratio of (U,X;M,D)(U, X; M, D) is harmonic.

4. Similarity of Triangles: From MURMDA\triangle MUR \sim \triangle MDA, we infer:
XMXD=UMUD=RMRA \frac{XM}{XD} = \frac{UM}{UD} = \frac{RM}{RA}

5. Circumcenter and Right Angle: Note that MM is the circumcenter of RRS\triangle RR'S, which implies that RSR=90\angle R'SR = 90^\circ. Therefore, RRSRAH\triangle RR'S \sim \triangle RAH.

6. Ratio of Segments: From the similarity RRSRAH\triangle RR'S \sim \triangle RAH, we have:
RMRA=RR2RA=RS2RH=MY2MD \frac{RM}{RA} = \frac{RR'}{2RA} = \frac{RS}{2RH} = \frac{MY}{2MD}
Hence,
XMXD=MY2MD \frac{XM}{XD} = \frac{MY}{2MD}

7. Combining Ratios: It follows that:
XYXM=YMXM1=1+2(MDXD1)=1+2XMXD=1+MYMD=DYDM \frac{XY}{XM} = \frac{YM}{XM} - 1 = 1 + 2\left(\frac{MD}{XD} - 1\right) = 1 + \frac{2XM}{XD} = 1 + \frac{MY}{MD} = \frac{D'Y}{D'M}

8. Parallel Lines and Harmonic Division: Because ADMNAD' \parallel MN, we obtain:
1=A(Y,M;X,D)=(K,M;V,) -1 = A(Y, M; X, D') = (K, M; V, \infty)
This shows that ATAT bisects MKMK.

\blacksquare

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.