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Geometry Difficulty 7.3 National olympiad, round 2 Prove it

Two perpendicular chords of a circle, AM,BNA M, B N, which intersect at point KK, define on the circle four arcs with pairwise different length, with ABA B being the smallest of them.

We draw the chords AD,BCA D, B C with ADBCA D \| B C and C,DC, D different from N,MN, M. If LL is the point of intersection of DN,MCD N, M C and TT the point of intersection of DC,KLD C, K L, prove that KTC=KNL\angle K T C=\angle K N L.

Solution

First we prove that NLMCN L \perp M C. The arguments depend slightly on the position of DD. The other cases are similar.

From the cyclic quadrilaterals ADCMA D C M and DNBCD N B C we have:

DCL=DAM and CDL=CBN \angle D C L=\angle D A M \text { and } \angle C D L=\angle C B N \text {. }

So we obtain

DCL+CDL=DAM+CBN. \angle D C L+\angle C D L=\angle D A M+\angle C B N .

And because ADBCA D \| B C, if ZZ the point of intersection of AM,BCA M, B C then DAM=BZA\angle D A M=\angle B Z A, and we have

DCL+CDL=BZA+CBN=90 \angle D C L+\angle C D L=\angle B Z A+\angle C B N=90^{\circ}

Let PP the point of intersection of KL,ACK L, A C, then NPACN P \perp A C, because the line KPLK P L is a Simson line of the point NN with respect to the triangle ACMA C M.

From the cyclic quadrilaterals NPCLN P C L and ANDCA N D C we obtain:

CPL=CNL and CNL=CAD \angle C P L=\angle C N L \text { and } \angle C N L=\angle C A D \text {, }

so CPL=CAD\angle C P L=\angle C A D, that is KLADBCK L\|A D\| B C therefore KTC=ADC\angle K T C=\angle A D C (1).

But ADC=ANC=ANK+KNC=CNL+KNC\angle A D C=\angle A N C=\angle A N K+\angle K N C=\angle C N L+\angle K N C, so

ADC=KNL \angle A D C=\angle K N L

From (1) and (2) we obtain the result.

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.