Proposition 4 The volume of the spatial tetrahedron B1B2B3B4 is B,P is any point inside this tetrahedron, the orthogonal projections of point P on the faces opposite to vertices Bi(i=1,2,3,4) are Ci(i=1,2,3,4) respectively, the volume of the tetrahedron formed by C1,C2, C3,C4 is C, then C⩽271B
Solution
Prove that if the area of the face opposite vertex Bi(i=1,2,3,4) is denoted as si(i=1,2,3,4), and in equation (8) we take xi=si∣PCi∣(i=1,2,3,4), then the left side of equation (8) is x1s12+x2s22+x3s32+x4s42=∣PC1∣⋅s1+∣PC2∣⋅s2+∣PC3∣⋅s3+∣PC4∣⋅s4= 3B
Furthermore, if the dihedral angles of the tetrahedron P−C1C2C3 are ∠C2PC3=α1,∠C3PC1=α2,∠C1PC2=α3, then the dihedral angles formed by the edges B4B1,B4B2,B4B3 are complementary to α1,α2,α3. According to the volume formula of a tetrahedron (proof omitted), we have VP−C1C2c3=61∣PC1∣∣PC2∣∣PC3∣⋅1−cos2α1−cos2α2−cos2α3+2cosα1cosα2cosα3B2=(VB4−B1B2B3)2=92s1s2s3⋅1−cos2(π−α1)−cos2(π−α2)−cos2(π−α3)−2cos(π−α1)cos(π−α2)cos(π−α3)=92s1s2s31−cos2α1−cos2α2−cos2α3+2cosα1cosα2cosα3B2VP−C1C2C3=4s1s2s33∣PC1∣∣PC2∣∣PC3∣ Therefore, x1x2x3=s1∣PC1∣⋅s2∣PC2∣⋅s3∣PC3∣=3B24VP−c1c2C3
Similarly, we have x2x3x4=3B24VP−c2c3c4,x1x3x4=3B24VP−c1c3c4,x1x2x4=3B24VP−c1c2c4, thus we can obtain x2x3x4+x1x3x4+x1x2x4+x1x2x3=34(B2VP−c2c3c4+B2VP−c1c3c4+B2VP−c1c2c4+B2VP−c1c2c3)=3B24C
Thus, the right side of equation (8) is 2936(x2x3x4+x1x3x4+x1x2x4+x1x2x3)31⋅B34=2936(3B24C)31⋅B34=9B32⋅C31
According to the inequality (8), we get 3BC⩾9B32⋅C31⩽271B
Proof complete. □
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