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Algebra Difficulty 7.1 National olympiad, round 2 Prove it

Example 4 Let x,y,zR+x, y, z \in \mathbf{R}^{+}, prove that
yzx(y+z)294x\sum \frac{y z}{x(y+z)^{2}} \geqslant \frac{9}{4 \cdot \sum x}

The equality in (4) holds if and only if x=y=zx=y=z.

Solution

Prove
4xyzx(y+z)29=(4yz(y+z)23)+(4yzx(y+z)6)=2x2(yz)2yz(x+y)(x+z)(yzy+z)2=1(y+z)3x2yz+2x2y2+2x2z2xy2zxyz2y2z2yz(y+z)(yz)2\begin{array}{l} 4 \sum x \cdot \sum \frac{y z}{x(y+z)^{2}}-9=\left(4 \sum \frac{y z}{(y+z)^{2}}-3\right)+\left(4 \sum \frac{y z}{x(y+z)}-6\right)= \\ 2 \sum \frac{x^{2}(y-z)^{2}}{y z(x+y)(x+z)}-\sum\left(\frac{y-z}{y+z}\right)^{2}= \\ \frac{1}{\prod(y+z)} \cdot \sum \frac{3 x^{2} y z+2 x^{2} y^{2}+2 x^{2} z^{2}-x y^{2} z-x y z^{2}-y^{2} z^{2}}{y z(y+z)}(y-z)^{2} \end{array}

By symmetry, without loss of generality, assume xyzx \geqslant y \geqslant z. It is easy to prove that
(xz)2xz(x+z)(xy)2xy(x+y)\frac{(x-z)^{2}}{x z(x+z)} \geqslant \frac{(x-y)^{2}}{x y(x+y)}

And
3x2yz+2x2y2+2x2z2xy2zxyz2y2z2>03xy2z+2x2y2+2y2z2x2yzxyz2x2z2>0\begin{array}{l} 3 x^{2} y z+2 x^{2} y^{2}+2 x^{2} z^{2}-x y^{2} z-x y z^{2}-y^{2} z^{2}>0 \\ 3 x y^{2} z+2 x^{2} y^{2}+2 y^{2} z^{2}-x^{2} y z-x y z^{2}-x^{2} z^{2}>0 \end{array}

Thus, we have
3x2yz+2x2y2+2x2z2xy2zxyz2y2z2yz(y+z)(yz)2[(3xy2z+2x2y2+2y2z2x2yzxyz2x2z2)+(3xyz2+2x2z2+2y2z2x2yzxy2zx2y2)](xy)2xy(x+y)=(2xy2z+2xyz22x2yz+x2y2+x2z2+4y2z2)(xy)2xy(x+y)\begin{array}{l} \sum \frac{3 x^{2} y z+2 x^{2} y^{2}+2 x^{2} z^{2}-x y^{2} z-x y z^{2}-y^{2} z^{2}}{y z(y+z)}(y-z)^{2} \geqslant \\ {\left[\left(3 x y^{2} z+2 x^{2} y^{2}+2 y^{2} z^{2}-x^{2} y z-x y z^{2}-x^{2} z^{2}\right)+\right.} \\ \left.\left(3 x y z^{2}+2 x^{2} z^{2}+2 y^{2} z^{2}-x^{2} y z-x y^{2} z-x^{2} y^{2}\right)\right] \cdot \frac{(x-y)^{2}}{x y(x+y)}= \\ \left(2 x y^{2} z+2 x y z^{2}-2 x^{2} y z+x^{2} y^{2}+x^{2} z^{2}+4 y^{2} z^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{(x-y)^{2}}{x y(x+y)} \geqslant \end{array}
0
Note: Equation (4) is equivalent to a,b,cR+a, b, c \in \mathbf{R}^{+}, then bc1(b+c)294\sum b c \cdot \sum \frac{1}{(b+c)^{2}} \geqslant \frac{9}{4}. Refer to Example 19 in Chapter 7 "Other Inequality Proof Examples".

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.