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Geometry Difficulty 6.6 National olympiad Prove it

We consider a triangle ABCABC and a point PP in its interior. The reflection points of PP across the sides BC,CA\overline{BC}, \overline{CA}, and AB\overline{AB} are denoted by A1,B1A_{1}, B_{1}, and C1C_{1}, respectively. Furthermore, let Ω\Omega be the circumcircle of triangle A1B1C1A_{1} B_{1} C_{1}, and let A2,B2A_{2}, B_{2}, and C2C_{2} be the second intersection points of the lines A1P,B1PA_{1} P, B_{1} P, and C1PC_{1} P with Ω\Omega. Prove that the three lines AA2,BB2A A_{2}, B B_{2}, and CC2C C_{2} intersect on Ω\Omega.

Solution

We are working with directed angles modulo 180180^{\circ}.
In this sketch, TT corresponds to the point PP.
!

Step 1: First, we observe that CAC A and CBC B are the perpendicular bisectors of the segments PB1\overline{P B_{1}} and PA1\overline{P A_{1}}, so CC is the circumcenter of triangle PA1B1P A_{1} B_{1}, and it follows that

A1CB=12A1CP=A1B1P=A1B1B2=A1C2B2. \measuredangle A_{1} C B = \frac{1}{2} \measuredangle A_{1} C P = \measuredangle A_{1} B_{1} P = \measuredangle A_{1} B_{1} B_{2} = \measuredangle A_{1} C_{2} B_{2}.

Step 2: Analogously to Step 1, it follows that A1BC=A1B2C2\measuredangle A_{1} B C = \measuredangle A_{1} B_{2} C_{2}, so triangles A1BCA_{1} B C and A1B2C2A_{1} B_{2} C_{2} are similar.

Step 3: Using the similarity just proven, we have

CA1B=C2A1B2andA1CA1B=A1C2A1B2 \measuredangle C A_{1} B = \measuredangle C_{2} A_{1} B_{2} \quad \text{and} \quad \frac{\left|\overline{A_{1} C}\right|}{\left|\overline{A_{1} B}\right|} = \frac{\left|\overline{A_{1} C_{2}}\right|}{\left|\overline{A_{1} B_{2}}\right|}

and thus also

B2A1B=C2A1CandA1B2A1B=A1C2A1C \measuredangle B_{2} A_{1} B = \measuredangle C_{2} A_{1} C \quad \text{and} \quad \frac{\left|\overline{A_{1} B_{2}}\right|}{\left|\overline{A_{1} B}\right|} = \frac{\left|\overline{A_{1} C_{2}}\right|}{\left|\overline{A_{1} C}\right|}

so triangles A1B2BA_{1} B_{2} B and A1C2CA_{1} C_{2} C are also similar.
Step 4: Let KK be the intersection of C2CC_{2} C with Ω\Omega. Then 180A1B2K=A1C2K=A1C2C=A1B2B180^{\circ} - \measuredangle A_{1} B_{2} K = \measuredangle A_{1} C_{2} K = \measuredangle A_{1} C_{2} C = \measuredangle A_{1} B_{2} B, so KK lies on the line BB2B B_{2}. Similarly, one can show that KK also lies on the line AA2A A_{2}, which completes the proof.

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Source: NuminaMath-1.5, licensed Apache-2.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.