Number theoryDifficulty 6.6National olympiadFind the answer
Example 2 Find the periodic continued fraction of ξ0=(14+1)/2.
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Solution
We solve according to the method of Theorem 6, which requires finding the smallest k>h⩾0 such that ξh=ξk, i.e., equation (24) holds. To satisfy condition (16), ξ0 should be expressed as ξ0=(56+2)/4,d=56c0=2,q0=4,a0=[ξ0]=2
Now, we use the recursive formulas (22) and (23) to find cj,qj,ξj,aj: c0=2,ξ0=(56+2)/4,c1=2⋅4−2=6,ξ1=(56+6)/5,c2=2⋅5−6=4,ξ2=(56+4)/8,c3=1⋅8−4=4,ξ3=(56+4)/5,c4=2⋅5−4=6,ξ4=(56+6)/4,c5=3⋅4−6=6,ξ5=(56+6)/5,q0=4,a0=2;q1=(56−62)/4=5,a1=2;q2=(56−42)/5=8,a2=1;q3=(56−42)/8=5,a3=2;q4=(56−62)/5=4,a4=3;q5=(56−62)/4=5,a5=2.
This gives the smallest values h=1,k=5 such that ξk=ξh, thus we obtain ξ0=(14+1)/2=⟨2,2,1,2,3⟩.
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